Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity locations and behaviors in adults living in the United States

Dunton, Genevieve F.; Wang, Shirlene; Do, Bridgette; Courtney, Jimikaye B.

doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101241

Cited by 112 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This association was explained by muscle strength, but not by the other established risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalization. Because of the high prevalence of physical inactivity in the general population (27), especially at older age (21,28,29) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (30,31,32,33), the present findings highlight the need to encourage older adults to regularly engage in physical activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Muscle Strength Explains the Protective Effect of Physical Activity against COVID-19 Hospitalization among Adults aged 50 Years and Older

Maltagliati

Sieber

Sarrazin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ObjectivesPhysical activity has been proposed as a protective factor for COVID-19 hospitalization. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Here, we examined the association between physical activity and COVID-19 hospitalization and whether this relationship was explained by other risk factors for severe COVID-19.MethodWe used data from adults aged 50 years and older from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The outcome was self-reported hospitalization due to COVID-19 measured before August 2020. The main exposure was usual physical activity, self-reported between 2004 and 2017. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models.ResultsAmong the 3139 participants included in the study (69.3 ± 8.5 years, 1763 women), 266 were tested positive for COVID-19 and 66 were hospitalized. Results showed that individuals who engaged in physical activity more than once a week had lower odds of COVID-19 hospitalization than individuals who hardly ever or never engaged in physical activity (odds ratios = 0.41, 95% confidence interval = 0.22–0.74, p = .004). This association between physical activity and COVID-19 hospitalization was explained by muscle strength, but not by other risk factors.ConclusionThese findings suggest that, after 50 years of age, engaging in physical activity more than once a week is associated with lower odds of COVID-19 hospitalization. The protective effect of physical activity on COVID-19 hospitalization is explained by muscle strength.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Muscle Strength Explains the Protective Effect of Physical Activity against COVID-19 Hospitalization among Adults aged 50 Years and Older

Maltagliati

Sieber

Sarrazin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…These findings correspond to other European surveys of heath behaviours during lockdown, also reporting decreased MVPA but increased strength training (Di Renzo et al, 2020), although other work suggests some subgroups increased their activity levels during lockdown (Constandt et al, 2020). Other characteristics associated with a reduction in MVPA included higher BMI and higher deprivation, as found among US adults (Dunton et al, 2020). Together, the evidence indicates that those groups at greatest risk from COVID‐19 reduced their activity the most.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Health behaviour change during the UK COVID‐19 lockdown: Findings from the first wave of the C‐19 health behaviour and well‐being daily tracker study

Naughton

Ward

Khondoker

et al. 2021

British J Health Psychol

116

104

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Objectives. To provide baseline cohort descriptives and assess change in health behaviours since the UK COVID-19 lockdown.Design. A prospective cohort (N = 1,044) of people recruited online, purposively targeting vulnerable populations.Methods. After a baseline survey (April 2020), participants completed 3 months of daily ecological momentary assessments (EMA). Dietary, physical activity, alcohol, smoking, vaping and substance use behaviours collected retrospectively for the pre-COVID-19 period were compared with daily EMA surveys over the first 30 days during early lockdown. Predictors of behaviour change were assessed using multivariable regression models.Results. 30% of the cohort had a COVID-19 at risk health condition, 37% were classed as deprived and 6% self-reported a mental health condition. Relative to pre-pandemic levels, participants ate almost one portion of fruit and vegetables less per day (vegetables mean difference À0.33, 95% CI À0.40, À0.25; fruit À0.57, 95% CI À0.64, À0.50), but showed no change in high sugar portions per day (À0.03, 95% CI À0.12, 0.06). Participants spent half a day less per week doing ≥30 min of moderate to vigorous physical activity (À0.57, 95% CI À0.73, À0.40) but slightly increased days of strength training (0.21, 95% CI 0.09, 0.34), increased alcohol intake (AUDIT-C score change 0.25, 95% CI 0.13, 0.37), though did not change smoking, vaping or substance use behaviour. Worsening health behaviour change was associated with being younger, female and higher body mass index.Conclusions. The cohort reported worsening health behaviours during early lockdown. Longer term changes will be investigated using further waves of data collection.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…During the first months of the outbreak, Spain adopted a strict home lockdown motivated by the pandemic’s severe impact [ 37 ]. Previous studies from Italy and Japan also reported a decrease in PA [ 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 38 ]; or a rising prevalence of inactive older persons [ 18 , 19 ]. Despite the similarities in the mobility restriction measures among the three countries, the study populations are different: the Italian study used a cohort that underwent the implantation of a cardio meter-defibrillator before the pandemic [ 14 , 18 ] whereas the one enrolled by Suzuki et al [ 18 ] was discharged from a rehabilitation setting; both samples were significantly younger than ours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…PA has been previously described as a risk factor for frailty [ 8 , 9 , 10 ] and a key component of interventions to prevent or reduce the development and progression of frailty [ 3 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. It has been estimated that the preventive measures applied during the COVID-19 pandemic led to a 25% reduction of PA in the general population [ 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], and more than 45% in older adults [ 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 18 , 19 ]. Despite these data, the possible determinants of this reduction in PA levels have not been explored yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depressive Symptoms, Fatigue and Social Relationships Influenced Physical Activity in Frail Older Community-Dwellers during the Spanish Lockdown due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Pérez

Castellano-Tejedor

Cesari

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Due to the dramatic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, Spain underwent a strict lockdown (March–May 2020). How the lockdown modified older adults’ physical activity (PA) has been poorly described. This research assesses the effect of the lockdown on PA levels and identifies predictors of sufficient/insufficient PA in frail older community-dwellers. Community-dwelling participants from the +ÀGIL Barcelona frailty intervention program, suspended during the pandemic, underwent a phone-assessment during the lockdown. PA was measured before and after the lockdown using the Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool (BPAAT). We included 98 frail older adults free of COVID-19 (mean age = 82.7 years, 66.3% women, mean Short Physical Performance Battery = 8.1 points). About one third of participants (32.2%) were not meeting sufficient PA levels at the end of the lockdown. Depressive symptoms (OR = 0.12, CI95% = 0.02–0.55) and fatigue (OR = 0.11, CI95% = 0.03–0.44) decreased the odds of maintaining sufficient PA, whereas maintaining social networks (OR = 5.07, CI95% = 1.60–16.08) and reading (OR = 6.29, CI95% = 1.66–23.90) increased it. Living alone was associated with the reduction of PA levels (b = −1.30, CI95% = −2.14–−0.46). In our sample, pre-lockdown mental health, frailty-related symptoms and social relationships were consistently associated with both PA levels during-lockdown and pre-post change. These data suggest considering specific plans to maintain PA levels in frail older community-dwellers.

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Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity locations and behaviors in adults living in the United States

Cited by 112 publications

References 13 publications

Muscle Strength Explains the Protective Effect of Physical Activity against COVID-19 Hospitalization among Adults aged 50 Years and Older

Muscle Strength Explains the Protective Effect of Physical Activity against COVID-19 Hospitalization among Adults aged 50 Years and Older

Health behaviour change during the UK COVID‐19 lockdown: Findings from the first wave of the C‐19 health behaviour and well‐being daily tracker study

Depressive Symptoms, Fatigue and Social Relationships Influenced Physical Activity in Frail Older Community-Dwellers during the Spanish Lockdown due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

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