Early Endocarditis and Delayed Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Complicating a Transapical Transcatheter Mitral Valve-in-Valve Implantation

Transcatheter mitral valve implantation for degenerated mitral bioprostheses or failed surgical annuloplasty rings: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…From 2009 to March 31, 2018, 66 published reports describing 172 patients undergoing TMVIV implantation for degenerated mitral bioprostheses and 35 articles describing 73 patients undergoing TMVIR implantation for failed annuloplasty rings were identified (Figure ). The patients were diagnosed with MR, MS, or mixed lesions according to the articles but the failure modes of 34 patients were unknown.…”

Transcatheter Closure of Complex Post-Myocardial Infarction Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm and Unique Post-Traumatic Right Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm

“…2) Recently, the "offlabel" use of a variety of Amplatzer occluders has enabled the transcatheter therapy of a handful of high-risk surgical patients with ventricular PSAs. [3][4][5][6][7][8] However, the experience of transcatheter closure of ventricular PSA is limited, due to the rarity of its occurrence. Thus far, very limited data exists regarding the patient selection of transcatheter closure of ventricular PSAs.…”

“…1) It is a rare, yet life-threatening complication that may occur following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac surgery, trauma, or transcatheter valve replacement. [2][3][4][5][6] If left untreated, ventricular PSA carries a 30-45% risk of rupture within the first year, significantly increasing the risk of sudden cardiac death. Thus, aggressive treatment is recommended in all cases regardless of whether the patient is symptomatic.…”

“…3,4) Surgical repair remains the mainstay therapy of ventricular PSA; however, surgical repair is associated with a high morbidity and mortality, especially when performed in an emergency setting and in patients with multiple comorbidities. 2) Recent reports suggest that percutaneous closure is an appropriate treatment alternative in high-risk or inoperable surgical candidates with ventricular PSAs, 1,[3][4][5][6][7][8] but the experience with this procedure is still limited. In this report, we describe two cases of ventricular PSA: first, a complex postmyocardial infarction left ventricular PSA (LVPSA) with multi-communications, and second, a case of posttraumatic right ventricular PSA (RVPSA) following blunt chest injury caused by domestic violence.…”

Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm

“…(62). Patients with a LVPA with an increased size despite regular conservative treatment warrant interventional management (37). Some authors proposed that due to the high propensity of LVPA rupture, patients with a LVPA are indicated for a cardiac surgery upon diagnosis is made (63).…”