Early Endotoxemia Increases Peripheral and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Humans

Crabben, Saskia N. van der; Blümer, Regje M. E.; Stegenga, Michiel E.; Ackermans, Mariëtte T.; Endert, E.; Tanck, Michael W.T.; Serlie, Mireille J.; Poll, Tom van der; Sauerwein, Hans P.

doi:10.1210/jc.2008-0761

Cited by 69 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Our results show at baseline a negative correlation between bacterial DNA levels and fasting blood glucose. At this stage, we cannot rule out a transitory improvement in insulin sensitivity in the early phase of metabolic infection, as shown in an experimental model of gram-negative sepsis in healthy humans [25,26]. This could be due to the release of nitric oxide during latent infection, which would in turn improve insulin sensitivity [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Involvement of tissue bacteria in the onset of diabetes in humans: evidence for a concept

Amar

Sérino²,

Lange³

et al. 2011

Diabetologia

288

213

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Aims/hypothesis Evidence suggests that bacterial components in blood could play an early role in events leading to diabetes. To test this hypothesis, we studied the capacity of a broadly specific bacterial marker (16S rDNA) to predict the onset of diabetes and obesity in a general population. Methods Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (D.E.S.I.R.) is a longitudinal J. Amar and M. Serino contributed equally to this study. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Involvement of tissue bacteria in the onset of diabetes in humans: evidence for a concept

Amar

Sérino²,

Lange³

et al. 2011

Diabetologia

288

213

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“…In critically ill patients, decreased glycogen stores, impaired gluconeogenesis and increased peripheral glucose utilization predispose to hypoglycemia (101,102). Critical illness increases physical stress.…”

Section: Sepsis and Hypoglycemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Pathogenesis and management of hypoglycemia

Kittah

Vella

2017

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Glucose is the main substrate utilized by the brain and as such multiple regulatory mechanisms exist to maintain glucose concentrations. When these mechanisms fail or are defective, hypoglycemia ensues. Due to these robust mechanisms, hypoglycemia is uncommon and usually occurs in the setting of the treatment of diabetes using glucose-lowering agents such as sulfonylureas or insulin. The symptoms of hypoglycemia are non-specific and as such it is important to confirm hypoglycemia by establishing the presence of Whipple's triad before embarking on an evaluation for hypoglycemia. When possible, evaluation of hypoglycemia should be carried out at the time of spontaneous occurrence of symptoms. If this is not possible then one would want to create the circumstances under which symptoms occur. In cases where symptoms occur in the post absorptive state, a 72-h fast should be performed. Likewise, if symptoms occur after a meal then a mixed meal study may be the test of choice. The causes of endogenous hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia include insulinoma, post-bariatric hypoglycemia and noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome. Autoimmune hypoglycemia syndrome is clinically and biochemically similar to insulinoma but associated with high levels of insulin antibodies and plasma insulin. Other important causes of hypoglycemia include medications, non-islet cell tumors, hormonal deficiencies, critical illness and factitious hypoglycemia. We provide an overview of the pathogenesis and management of hypoglycemia in these situations.

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“…In the early hours, there was an increase in insulin sensitivity, with subsequent reduction. 64,65 This biphasic effect on insulin sensitivity during experimental endotoxemia and sepsis may be due to expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase. 66 LPS increases the uptake of glucose by myocytes through inducible nitric oxide synthase induction.…”

Section: Endotoxemia and Its Importance In Cellular Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…66 The behavior of blood glucose during sepsis demonstrates this biphasic effect, as shown by the evolution of hypoglycemia to hyperglycemia. 64 LPS-induced hypoglycemia is associated with a reduction in glucose synthesis. In addition, increased activity of NF-κB results in an increase in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and reduced expression of genes that encode limiting enzymes for glucose synthesis such as glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.…”

Section: Endotoxemia and Its Importance In Cellular Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and gut microbiota - what do we know so far?

Silva-Junior¹,

Lopes²,

Albano³

et al. 2017

Medical Express

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Early Endotoxemia Increases Peripheral and Hepatic Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Humans

Abstract: These data indicate that shortly (2 h) after administration of LPS, peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity increase. This may contribute to the hypoglycemia occurring in some patients with critical illness, especially in the setting of intensive insulin therapy.

Cited by 69 publications

References 32 publications

Involvement of tissue bacteria in the onset of diabetes in humans: evidence for a concept

Involvement of tissue bacteria in the onset of diabetes in humans: evidence for a concept

MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Pathogenesis and management of hypoglycemia

Obesity and gut microbiota - what do we know so far?

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