Early exposure of rotating magnetic fields promotes central nervous regeneration in planarian Girardia sinensis

Abstract

Magnetic field exposure is an accepted safe and effective modality for nerve injury. However, it is clinically used only as a supplement or salvage therapy at the later stage of treatment. Here, we used a planarian Girardia sinensis decapitated model to investigate beneficial effects of early rotary non-uniform magnetic fields (RMFs) exposure on central nervous regeneration. Our results clearly indicated that magnetic stimulation induced from early RMFs exposure significantly promoted neural regeneration of planarians. This stimulating effect is frequency and intensity dependent. Optimum effects were obtained when decapitated planarians were cultured at 20 °C, starved for 3 days before head-cutting, and treated with 6 Hz 0.02 T RMFs. At early regeneration stage, RMFs exposure eliminated edema around the wound and facilitated subsequent formation of blastema. It also accelerated cell proliferation and recovery of neuron functionality. Early RMFs exposure up-regulated expression of neural regeneration related proteins, EGR4 and Netrin 2, and mature nerve cell marker proteins, NSE and NPY. These results suggest that RMFs therapy produced early and significant benefit in central nervous regeneration, and should be clinically used at the early stage of neural regeneration, with appropriate optimal frequency and intensity.

The Hyperfine Coupling Radical Pair Mechanism of Biological Effects on Weak Magnetic Fields

“…Chen, et al [44] results suggested that early an impulsed electromagnetic field therapy produced early and significant benefit in central nervous regeneration. Sun, et al [43]; Hei, et al [45]; Zhai, et al [46]; Martino, et al [47] reported other biological effects of an impulsed magnetic field.…”

“…The biological effects of radio frequency (100 kHz to 300 GHz) magnetic fields (RF-MFs) are talked about [39][40][41][42]. The biological effects of pulsed magnetic fields are reported [43][44][45][46][47]. The biological effects of weak MFs can also be positive.…”

Extreme Environmental Stress‐Induced Biological Responses in the Planarian

“…There are researchers that treat decapitated planarians with weak nonuniform magnetic fields (RMFs) and found RMFs eliminated the formation of edema and blastema, which through upregulating the expression of EGR4, Netrin 2, NSE, and NPY accelerates nerve cell proliferation and function recovery [31][32][33]. The weak magnetic field stimulates the fission frequency of the Planarian Dugesia (Girardia) tigrina [32].…”

A meta-analysis of Planarian: an animal model useful to understand the effect of magnetic field Planarian and magnetic field researches

“…3. to determine the effect of week combined MF tune to the cyclotron resonance condition for calcium ions obtained at different faces of Planarian regeneration (Tiras et al, 2015); 4. to investigate beneficial effects of early rotary none uniform MF of 6 Hz (TMF) exposure on central nervous regeneration in Girardia sinensis (Chen et al, 2016) 5. to use regenerating Planaria D. dorotocephala as a model to determine whether an intermittent modulated ELF EMF produce elevated levels of the heat shock protein hSP 70 and stimulated intracellular pathways none to be involved in injury and repair (Goodman et al, 2009); 6. to evaluate if the temporally-patterned magnetic fields (0,1-2μT and 0,5-5 μT)…”