Early family experiences and the financial behavior of college students: the impact of gender and gambling

Abstract

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An Investigation into the Determinants of Investment Awareness: Evidence from the Young Saudi Generation

“…A greater scale specifies greater investment awareness for the respondents. The measurements of independent variables are as follows: The measures for financial literacy (FL) (11 items) have been adapted from the studies of [21,38,91,92]; Spending patterns (SP) are measured with five items that are adopted from [93]; The seven items used to measure self-control (SC) have been adapted from [14,64]; The scales used for measuring saving behavior (SB) (eight items) were adapted from prior work [10,21,71]; Attitude toward risk (AtR) was measured by 13 items that have been adapted from the previous work of [25,78,90,94,95]; Finally, family financial socialization (FFS) was measured by six items that have been adopted from the previous work of [21,71]. The responses to all survey items were scored on a five-point Likert scale, which ranges from (1) "strongly disagree" to (5) "strongly agree."…”

Relationship between Biopsychosocial Factors and Financial Risk Tolerance: An Empirical Study

“…Individuals with such a trait also exhibit a propensity to make risky financial investments (Harlow & Brown, 1990). A few studies have investigated the relationship of sensation seeking with financial management behaviour, especially the use of credit card in particular (e.g., Henry, Weber, & Yarbrough, 2001;Miller, 2001;Popham, Kennison, & Bradley, 2011;Worthy, Jonkman, & Blinn-Pike, 2010). They found that students exhibited risky financial behaviour such as accumulating more debt, overdrawing their accounts, borrowing money from their friends to pay their bills and so on.…”