Early Formative Period of Coastal Ecuador: The Valdivia and Machalilla Phases

Handbook of South American Archaeology

“…The Meggers, Evans & Estrada 1965 Smithsonian monograph contains 26 plates that illustrate the same range of variation in technique and motif in broad-line incised, zoned incised, zoned punctuate, pseudo corrugated, multiple drag-and-jab, shell combed bands, overall shell scraped, finger grooved, excised, rocker stamped, drag-and-jab punctuate, and cord impressed decoration from Valdivia and Jomon sites. A photograph of a distinctive early technique consisting of a row of finger-tip impressions on the interior of the shoulder producing a low boss on the exterior, which we did not encounter during our visit to Kyushu, was sent to us recently by a Japanese colleague.…”

On the waterfront: Quaternary environments and the formative occupation of Southwestern Ecuador

“…Settlement pattern data, site-formation data, and economic data in conjunction with paleo-environmental reconstruction should shed light on the Vegas-Valdivia transformation without resorting to diffusionary schemes (Meggers et al, 1965) or migration scenarios (Lathrap, 1971;Raymond et al, 1980;Marcos, 1986). Any future interpretation of mid-Holocene occupations of coastal Ecuador needs to address the role of tectonic uplift and the shaping of coastal landforms.…”

Horticultores pré-históricos do litoral do Pará, Brasil

“…obtidas por Simões, permaneceu ocupando o litoral até cerca de 1600 a.C. (Simões, 1981 (Meggers & Evans,1g5Z), litoral da Guiana (E-vans & Meggers, 1960), litoral do Equador (Meggers et al, 1965), rio Napo, a leste do Equador (Evans & Meggers,196g), vale do rio Paranapanema (Chmyz,1gT3) …”