Early heterogeneous enhancement of the liver: Magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical significance

Kanematsu, Masayuki; Danet, Maria I.; Leonardou, Polytimi; Mastropasqua, Maria; Mosetti, Maria Antonietta; Braga, Larissa; Woosley, John T.; Semelka, Richard C.

doi:10.1002/jmri.20097

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…86 Table 3 presents results of the imaging techniques used in diagnosis of NAFLD-NASH. 86,[90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109] The underlying physical principle of imaging techniques are the same between adults and children. Consequently research in both age groups could be used to approve the use of these methods in pediatric field.…”

Section: Image Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…88 The presence of early patchy enhancement in contrast agentenhanced (postgadolinium) MRI indicates either concurrent or recent hepatocellular damage, in contrast to late linear enhancement correlated with the presence of fibrosis. 97,98 Superparamagnetic iron oxide-enhanced MRI may be helpful for identifying NASH patients among patients suspected of having NAFLD by decreasing the signal from the nonfibrotic areas where Kupffer cells are present. 99 Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is probably the most accurate and fastest method of detecting fatty infiltration, but it is expensive, and the necessary software is still not easily available in most MRI units.…”

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians

Widhalm

Ghods

2010

Int J Obes

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Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of pediatric liver disease. Its prevalence is related to the growing epidemic in childhood obesity during the past decades. At present, NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are increasingly recognized worldwide. In spite of alarming trend in the epidemiology in pediatric field and growing risk of end stage liver disease, there is no significant advance in its diagnosis and treatment. Aim: To provide a detailed review for diagnosis and management of NAFLD and NASH. Methods: By using Pubmed to find review articles and relevant research. Results: The prevalence ranges from at least 3% in children overall to about 50% in obese children. The noninvasive biomarkers can be used to identify NAFLD/NASH patients. Diagnostic criteria based on biochemical and immunological indicators in the high-risk group of children could prevent about half of cases from receiving an invasive test. The pharmacological and surgical interventions have shown a growing role in pediatric NAFLD. Novel treatment modalities, such as probiotics, have hardly been studied. Conclusion: Early diagnosis by using noninvasive screening methods in high-risk groups is the most effective strategy against the NAFLD. The biology of early growth and development, including hepatic metabolism, may hold the key to pediatric NAFLD. Prevention of overweight children and childhood obesity is undoubtedly the best strategy for treating NAFLD.

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Section: Image Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Resonance Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians

Widhalm

Ghods

2010

Int J Obes

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“…An association with oral contraceptives has been reported, and some cases have been related to exposure to vinyl chloride 15] . Other possible etiologic factors have been suggested, such as hepatitis C 16] , chronic liver disease, alcohol abuse, sclerosing cholangitis 17] , major trauma to the liver, hormonal treatment, and occupational contaminants 12] . In our reported case, long-term oral contraceptive usage may be the etiologic factor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: Etiology, natural history and treatment

Chen

Cai

et al. 2008

Chin. J. Clin. Oncol.

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“…It is thought that peribiliary enhancement occurs, in large part, as a result of inflammation and resultant capillary leakage of contrast material, with greater amounts of inflammation leading to greater degrees of capillary leakage [24]. Indeed, Kanematsu et al have found associations between early heterogeneous enhancement of the liver and inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocellular necrosis [25]. A number of these processes are at work in PSC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Findings on MRCP and Gadolinium-Enhanced MR of the Liver and a Survival Model for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

et al. 2007

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Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic, progressive disease of inflammation and fibrosis of the bile ducts. The ability to predict survival is important for appropriate management and treatment decisions. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between specific findings on the enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the liver and the corresponding magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogram (MRCP) and a survival model for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), the Mayo Risk Score. During a five-year period, 47 patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis were identified who had a complete MRI/MRCP examination. The extent of anatomical changes of the biliary tree and the degree of peribiliary enhancement in the hepatic parenchyma were compared with the Mayo Risk Score for each patient. Peribiliary enhancement was present to a varying extent in 38 of 47 cases of PSC. Peribiliary enhancement 3 min after gadolinium administration had a weak correlation with the Mayo Risk Score (analysis of variance P<0.01, Pearson correlation r=0.37). No statistically significant relationship between the severity of extrahepatic or intrahepatic duct changes and the Mayo Risk Score was found (analysis of variance P=0.24, P=0.38, respectively). Although biliary tree changes on MRCP aid in the diagnosis of PSC, they do not correlate with survival, as predicted by the Mayo Risk Score. Peribiliary enhancement on MRI of the liver is a finding occurring to a variable extent in primary sclerosing cholangitis but does not correlate significantly with survival.

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Early heterogeneous enhancement of the liver: Magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical significance

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a challenge for pediatricians

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the liver: Etiology, natural history and treatment

Correlation Between Findings on MRCP and Gadolinium-Enhanced MR of the Liver and a Survival Model for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

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