Early hydration of Portland cement studied under microgravity conditions

Meier, Markus; Sarigaphuti, Manasit; Sainamthip, Prinya; Plank, Johann

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.074

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Qi et al (2017) modeled how settling motion could affect the morphology of a growing dendritic crystal. These studies (Fontana et al, 2011;Meier et al, 2015;Lei et al, 2016;Meier and Plank, 2016;Qi et al, 2017) advocate that gravitational forces impact crystal growth and can provide ground for interpreting the results of the present research.…”

Section: D10 D50 D90mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…As of now, no experiments have fully documented the effect of microgravity on the microstructural development of portland cement or any of its compounds. There have been cement hydration studies performed aboard a parabolic flight path, which allows for ∼20 s of a 10 −2 -10 −3 gravity environment (Meier et al, 2015;Lei et al, 2016;Meier and Plank, 2016). The short time duration limited the experiments to investigating instantaneous ettringite precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microgravity Effect on Microstructural Development of Tri-calcium Silicate (C3S) Paste

et al. 2019

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For the first time, tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) and an aqueous solution were mixed and allowed to hydrate in the microgravity environment aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The research hypothesis states that minimizing gravity-driven transport phenomena, such as buoyancy, sedimentation, and thermosolutal convection ensures diffusion-controlled crystal growth and, consequently, lead to unique microstructures. Results from SEM micrographs, image analysis, mercury intrusion porosimetry, thermogravimetry, and x-ray diffraction revealed that the primary differences in µg hydrated C 3 S paste are increased porosity and a lower aspect ratio of portlandite crystals, likely due to a more uniform phase distribution. Relevant observations led by the presence or absence of gravity, including bleeding effect, density, and crystallography are also presented and discussed.

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Section: D10 D50 D90mentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microgravity Effect on Microstructural Development of Tri-calcium Silicate (C3S) Paste

et al. 2019

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“…Additional experiments were conducted under microgravity conditions on a parabolic flight campaign in 2016 initiated by Deutsches Zentrum für Luft‐ und Raumfahrt (DLR, German Aerospace Center) onboard an Airbus A 300 aircraft from Novespace (Paris, France). Details of the flight conditions have been described before . On such flights, microgravity periods of ~22 seconds are realized which allow to perform exactly the same 10 seconds cement hydration experiment as described in Section 2.2.1 using the same equipment as there.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests a strong interaction between ettringite and superplasticizers already in the first seconds of hydration. Other studies on short‐term hydration of portland cement have shown that an abundant amount of ettringite is precipitated within the first 10 seconds of cement hydration . All those experiments were performed at a low PCE dosage of 0.05% by weight of cement (bwoc) using CEM I 42.5 R and CEM I 42.5 N samples possessing low C 3 A contents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of PCE kind and dosage on ettringite crystallization performed under terrestrial and microgravity conditions

Schönlein

Plank

2018

J Am Ceram Soc

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Early ettringite crystallization in the presence of 2 chemically different polycarboxylate superplasticizers was studied by hydrating a commercial portland cement (CEM I 52.5 N) for 10 seconds. It was found that the presence of polycarboxylate superplasticizers leads to ettringite crystals which are longer, yet slimmer (higher aspect ratio), compared with the crystals obtained from neat cement paste. This finding suggests that the polycarboxylate (PCE) polymers predominantly adsorb on the lateral faces of the hexagonal-prismatic crystals of ettringite. For the methacrylate-based PCE, this effect increases with increasing superplasticizer dosage, whereas for the IPEG-PCE, the effect achieved at a very low dosage (0.05%) is not altered when dosage increases. The behaviors of both PCE polymers can be explained by their different adsorption behavior, whereby the IPEG-PCE reached the saturated adsorbed amount at much lower dosage than the MPEG-PCE. Microgravity only has a minor effect on the growth of ettringite. There, generally smaller crystals are observed. K E Y W O R D Scrystal growth, ettringite, microgravity, nucleation, portland cement, superplasticizer

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“…The appropriate pH values suitable for plants growing were between 8 and 10.The alkalinity of planting concrete mainly came from the hydration phase of cement. But the pH value of hydrated Portland cement was up to about 13 [17][18][19], making it inappropriate for making planting concrete. Taylor and Calvo once tried to use silica fume, slag and fly ash to reduce the alkalinity of Portland cement, but the pH value was still on or above 12 [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of limestone powders on pore structure and physiological characteristics of planting concrete with sulfoaluminate cement

Gong

Zhou

et al. 2018

Construction and Building Materials

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Limestone powders generated during the production of machine-made sands were widely used as supplementary cementitious material in making concrete, which affected concrete properties. In this paper limestone powders were added to prepare low-alkali planting cementitious material. Its alkalinity, compressive strength and fluidity were investigated to evaluate their suitability for planting concrete. Water permeability coefficient of planting concrete was investigated to make clear pore connectivity. The physiological characteristics, such as root length and relative water content of leaves, of plants grown in the planting concretes were analyzed to investigate their effects on plant growth. The results indicated that limestone powders had no effect on the alkalinity of PCMs at the early hydration ages of 1d and 3d. But the 28d alkalinity of PCM with 20wt.% limestone powder decreased to 9.67 because they reacted with CH from clinker hydration and anhydrite. Adding of limestone powders into PCMs contributed to the increase of fluidity of PCMs, but too high fluidity caused that the pores in the bottom of concrete were blocked and water permeability coefficient was decreased. The water permeability coefficient of concrete with 20wt.% limestone powders was the highest of 17.9mm/s. At 20d after sprouting root length and relative water content of leaves of plants in concrete with 20wt.% limestone powders were 11.8% and 3.2%, respectively, higher than that in concrete without limestone powders. But much more than 20wt.% limestone powders caused too high fluidity and holes at the bottom of planting concrete blocked, such as concrete with 30wt.% limestone powders, so most plants died in it.

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Early hydration of Portland cement studied under microgravity conditions

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

Microgravity Effect on Microstructural Development of Tri-calcium Silicate (C3S) Paste

Microgravity Effect on Microstructural Development of Tri-calcium Silicate (C3S) Paste

Influence of PCE kind and dosage on ettringite crystallization performed under terrestrial and microgravity conditions

Effects of limestone powders on pore structure and physiological characteristics of planting concrete with sulfoaluminate cement

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