Early identification of pneumonia patients at increased risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in Saudi Arabia

Ahmed, Anwar; Al-Jahdali, Hamdan; Alshukairi, Abeer N.; Alaqeel, Mody; Siddiq, Salma S.; Alsaab, Hanan A.; Sakr, Ezzeldin A.; Alyahya, Hamed A.; Alandonisi, Munzir M.; Subedar, Alaa T.; Aloudah, Nouf M.; Baharoon, Salim; Alsalamah, Majid; Johani, Sameera Al; Alghamdi, Mohammed G.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2018.03.005

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Countries face significant challenges in the early identification and diagnosis of MERS in humans due to the non-specificity of clinical symptoms ( The spectrum of illness ranges from no symptoms (or asymptomatic infection) to severe disease including pneumonia, acute respiratory disease syndrome, organ failure and death, with a case fatality ratio 35.5% among reported cases (World Health Organization, 2012). The delay in identification and recognition of signs and symptoms compatible with MERS and delay in early isolation of patients has reduced the ability to prevent transmission between people in health care settings, notably in emergency departments, cardiac care centers and renal dialysis units (Hijawi et al, 2013;Assiri et al, 2013;Drosten et al, 2015;Al Hosani et al, 2016;Ki, 2015;Park et al, 2015;Ahmed et al, 2018;Amer et al, 2018).…”

Section: Research Needs: Hospital Transmission and Infection Prevmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward

et al. 2018

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This article summarizes progress in research on Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) since a FAO-OIE-WHO Global Technical Meeting held at WHO Headquarters in Geneva on 25-27 September 2017. The meeting reviewed the latest scientific findings and identified and prioritized the global activities necessary to prevent, manage and control the disease. Critical needs for research and technical guidance identified during the meeting have been used to update the WHO R&D MERS-CoV Roadmap for diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines and a broader public health research agenda. Since the 2017 meeting, progress has been made on several key actions in animal populations, at the animal/human interface and in human populations. This report also summarizes the latest scientific studies on MERS since 2017, including data from more than 50 research studies examining the presence of MERS-CoV infection in dromedary camels.

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Section: Research Needs: Hospital Transmission and Infection Prevmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward

et al. 2018

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“…Clinical predictors of MERS-CoV pneumonia presenting in ER includes overweight, diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal disease, respiratory distress on admission, normal WBC and interstitial infiltrates on chest x ray [21]. A risk prediction model for MERS-CoV pneumonia was developed and incorporated gender, contact with a sick patient or camel, diabetes, pneumonia severity at presentation, low white blood cell (WBC) count, low alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and high aspartate aminotransferase (AST) [99].…”

Section: Prompt Diagnosis and Isolation Of Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

MERS-CoV as an emerging respiratory illness: A review of prevention methods

Baharoon

Memish

2019

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease

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“…Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a common method for the diagnosis of MERS-CoV infection [6,49]. However, it is not suitable for the detection of infection in some clinical units and large-scale epidemiological screening.…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), as of May 9, 2019, there were 2,419 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS and 836 deaths (35% of case-fatality rate) reported from 27 countries (https://www.who.int/csr/don/09-may-2019-mers-saudiarabia/en/). The majority of MERS cases occurred in the Middle East, especially in Saudi Arabia [1,3,[6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel luciferase immunosorbent assay performs better than a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect MERS-CoV specific IgG in humans and animals

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Deng³

et al. 2019

Biosafety and Health

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The Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a lethal zoonosis caused by MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and poses a significant threat to public health worldwide. Therefore, a rapid, sensitive, and specific serologic test for detecting anti-MERS-CoV antibodies in both humans and animals is urgently needed for the successful management of this illness. Here, we evaluated various novel luciferase immunosorbent assays (LISA) based on nucleocapsid protein (NP) as well as fragments derived from spike protein (S) including subunit 1 (S1), N terminal domain (NTD), receptorbinding domain (RBD) and subunit 2 (S2) of S for the detection of MERS-CoV-specific IgG. Fusion proteins, including nanoluciferase (NLuc) and various fragments derived from the NP or S protein of MERS-CoV, were expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 T cells. LISAs that detected anti-MERS-CoV IgG were further developed using cell lysates expressing various fusion proteins. Panels of human or animal samples infected with MERS-CoV were used to analyze the sensitivity and specificity of various LISAs in reference to a MERS-CoV RT-PCR, commercial S1-based ELISA, and pseudovirus particle neutralization test (ppNT). Our results showed that the S1-, RBD-, and NP-LISAs were more sensitive than the NTD-and S2-LISAs for the detection of anti-MERS-CoV IgG. Furthermore, the S1-, RBD-, and NP-LISAs were more sensitive (by at least 16-fold) than the commercially available S1-ELISA. Moreover, the S1-, RBD-, and NP-LISA specifically recognized anti-MERS-CoV IgG and did not cross-react with samples derived from other human CoV (OC43, 229E, HKU1, NL63)-infected patients. More importantly, these LISAs proved their applicability and reliability for detecting anti-MERS-CoV IgG in samples from camels, monkeys, and mice, among which the RBD-LISA exhibited excellent performance. The results of this study suggest that the novel MERS-CoV RBD-and S1-LISAs are highly effective platforms for the rapid and sensitive detection of anti-MERS-CoV IgG in human and animal samples. These assays have the potential to be used as serologic tests for the management and control of MERS-CoV infection.

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Early identification of pneumonia patients at increased risk of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in Saudi Arabia

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward

MERS: Progress on the global response, remaining challenges and the way forward

MERS-CoV as an emerging respiratory illness: A review of prevention methods

A novel luciferase immunosorbent assay performs better than a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect MERS-CoV specific IgG in humans and animals

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