Early indications of anomalous behaviour in the 2019 spring ozone hole over Antarctica

Milinevsky, Gennadi; Evtushevsky, Oleksandr; Klekociuk, Andrew; Wang, Yuke; Grytsai, Asen; Shulga, V. M.; Ivaniha, Oksana

doi:10.1080/2150704x.2020.1763497

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The influence of travelling wave 2 around the time of a large warming event in 2017 has also been noted (Klekociuk et al 2019), although the wave amplitudes in this case were much less than in 2002. In 2019, winter temperatures in the polar upper stratosphere were colder than in 2002 (Table 2), and travelling wavenumber 2 appears to have been relatively weak (Milinevsky et al 2019). Comparison of Fig.…”

Section: Comparison Of Rossby Wave Propagation In 2018 and 2019 With mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…This activity occurred at the time of a peak in the amplitude of quasi-stationary planetary wave number 1 near the vortex edge ( Fig. 4 of Milinevsky et al 2019). Aside from elevated activity around the beginning of June 2018 (coinciding with the warming at high latitudes - Fig.…”

Section: Stratospheric Conditions In 2018 and 2019mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…As noted in Section 1, during 2018 and 2019 there were distinctly different patterns of the large-scale climate modes. The patterns of tropical warming in 2019 are implicated in allowing the penetration or ducting of Rossby waves into the polar cap (Milinevsky et al 2019;Newman et al 2020;Rao et al 2020), and the prevailing patterns appeared much less effective in 2018.…”

Section: Comparison Of Rossby Wave Propagation In 2018 and 2019 With mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extreme conditions developed in the Antarctic stratosphere in September 2019, with a minor Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW; Lim et al 2020;Newman et al 2020;Rao et al 2020) resulting in one of the smallest ozone holes since the 1980s (Kramarova et al 2020;Wargan et al 2020). Conditions that favoured the development of the SSW included the prevailing positive IOD phase, warm central Pacific sea surface temperatures, the easterly phase of the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) and high latitude tropospheric patterns, including weak zonal wind anomalies in the Indian and Pacific Ocean sectors (Milinevsky et al 2019;Lim et al 2020;Rao et al 2020;Shen et al 2020). Downward coupling from the SSW is implicated in enhancing surface temperatures during summer in Antarctica (Scambos and Stammerjohn 2020) and Australia (Lim et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Antarctic ozone hole during 2018 and 2019

Klekociuk

Tully

Krummel

et al. 2021

J. South. Hemisph. Earth Syst. Sci.

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While the Montreal Protocol is reducing stratospheric ozone loss, recent increases in some ozone depleting substance (ODS) emissions have been identified that may impact southern hemisphere climate systems. In this study, we discuss characteristics of the 2018 and 2019 Antarctic ozone holes using surface in situ, satellite and reanalysis data to gain a better understanding of recent ozone variability. These ozone holes had strongly contrasting characteristics. In 2018, the Antarctic stratospheric vortex was relatively stable and cold in comparison to most years of the prior decade. This resulted in a large and persistent ozone hole that ranked in the upper-tercile of metrics quantifying Antarctic ozone depletion. In contrast, strong stratospheric warming in the spring of 2019 curtailed the development of the ozone hole, causing it to be anomalously small and of similar size to ozone holes in the 1980s. As known from previous studies, the ability of planetary waves to propagate into the stratosphere at high latitudes is an important factor that influences temperatures of the polar vortex and the overall amount of ozone loss in any particular year. Disturbance and warming of the vortex by strong planetary wave activity were the dominant factors in the small 2019 ozone hole. In contrast, planetary wave disturbances to the vortex in the winter-spring of 2018 were much weaker than in 2019. These results increase our understanding of the impact of Montreal Protocol controls on ODS and the effects of Antarctic ozone on the southern hemisphere climate system.

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Section: Comparison Of Rossby Wave Propagation In 2018 and 2019 With mentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Stratospheric Conditions In 2018 and 2019mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Comparison Of Rossby Wave Propagation In 2018 and 2019 With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Antarctic ozone hole during 2018 and 2019

Klekociuk

Tully

Krummel

et al. 2021

J. South. Hemisph. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…The weak ozone hole was caused by abnormally strong planetary wave activity originating in the subtropical Pacific Ocean east of Australia and over the eastern South Pacific [ 19 , 21 , 22 ]. These waves weakened the stratospheric polar vortex, which led to a warming of the polar stratosphere, starting in mid-August [ 23 ].…”

Section: Stratospheric Ozone Uv Radiation and Climate Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and interactions with climate change: UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, Update 2020

Neale

Barnes

Robson

et al. 2021

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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130

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This assessment by the Environmental Effects Assessment Panel (EEAP) of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) provides the latest scientific update since our most recent comprehensive assessment (Photochemical and Photobiological Sciences, 2019, 18, 595–828). The interactive effects between the stratospheric ozone layer, solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and climate change are presented within the framework of the Montreal Protocol and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We address how these global environmental changes affect the atmosphere and air quality; human health; terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; biogeochemical cycles; and materials used in outdoor construction, solar energy technologies, and fabrics. In many cases, there is a growing influence from changes in seasonality and extreme events due to climate change. Additionally, we assess the transmission and environmental effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, in the context of linkages with solar UV radiation and the Montreal Protocol.

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