Early infection in post-autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients

Abstract

Results:The study findings indicate that bacterial infection prevalence differed significantly across the different disease status pre-salvage as patients with the relapsed disease were more likely to have bacterial Original Articleinfections. The median of engraftment days differed significantly between those who had a bacterial infection and those who did not. Interestingly, previous pneumonia infection had a positive relationship with the number of hospital stays. Conclusion:Bacterial infections are the dominant type of infection among the autologous patient population. The research reflects authentic practice and reports unique characteristics of autologous transplant patients in terms of the prevalence and types of infection these patients experience.

Epidemiology of early infections and predictors of mortality after autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation among multiple myeloma, Hodgkin, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the first experience from Palestine

“…Other than COVID-19, no viral infections were identified among the patients who underwent autologous HSCT in this study. The findings were consistent with those reported in a recent study in Saudi Arabia [ 17 ]. These findings could be explained by the recent improvements in screening measures to ensure serological clearance before transplantation and the use of prophylactic antiviral agents.…”

“…Clostridium difficile and Escherichia coli were the most prevalent gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, respectively. The findings reported in this study were consistent with those reported in regional studies in Saudi Arabia and Lebanon and those reported in St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital [ 17 , 26 , 27 ]. Additionally, Clostridium difficile infections were shown to be prevalent among patients who underwent autologous HSCT in Johns Hopkins Hospital in the US and Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont in Canada [ 11 ].…”

“…The medical records of the patients were reviewed to identify and collect microbiological data on bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections as diagnosed by cultures, polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescent antibody testing [ 17 ]. An infection was defined as the isolation or detection of a microorganism with consistent signs and symptoms of the disease caused by that microorganism.…”

“…Previous studies have shown that the majority of early infections that occur after autologous HSCT were caused by bacteria [ 16 , 17 ]. Other infections were also caused by fungi, protozoa, and viruses.…”

Ciprofloxacin prophylaxis during haematopoietic cell transplantation: a role for use in patients with germ cell tumours?

“…Not all auto-HCT indications are associated with the same infection risk, and germ cell tumour patients are an understudied group due to the rarity of the condition. Indeed, most studies investigating infections after auto-HCT describe patients with lymphomas and multiple myeloma [11–14]. Our large cohort from a specialist referral centre allowed us to showcase that auto-HCT recipients with germ cell tumours had a higher risk of bacteraemia compared to these traditional transplant indications.…”