Early inner solar system origin for anomalous sulfur isotopes in differentiated protoplanets

Antonelli, Michael A.; Kim, Sang‐Tae; Peters, Marc; Labidi, Jabrane; Cartigny, Pierre; Walker, Richard J.; Lyons, J. R.; Hoek, Joost; Farquhar, James

doi:10.1073/pnas.1418907111

Cited by 38 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[16,17] Since that time there have been multiple sulfur isotope measurements in av ariety of classes,i ncluding achondrite and chondrites, [67][68][69][70][71] iron meteorites, [72,73] ureilites, [74] organics in meteorites, [75] and meteorites from Mars. [16,17] Since that time there have been multiple sulfur isotope measurements in av ariety of classes,i ncluding achondrite and chondrites, [67][68][69][70][71] iron meteorites, [72,73] ureilites, [74] organics in meteorites, [75] and meteorites from Mars.…”

Section: Meteoritic Sulfur Isotopic Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Isotope Effects To Understand the Present and Past of the Atmosphere and Climate and Track the Origin of Life

Thiemens

Lin

2019

Angew Chem Int Ed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Stable isotope ratio measurements have been used as a measure of a wide variety of processes, including solar system evolution, geological formational temperatures, tracking of atmospheric gas and aerosol chemical transformation, and is the only means by which past global temperatures may be determined over long time scales. Conventionally, isotope effects derive from differences of isotopically substituted molecules in isotope vibrational energy, bond strength, velocity, gravity, and evaporation/condensation. The variations in isotope ratio, such as 18O/16O (δ18O) and 17O/16O (δ17O) are dependent upon mass differences with δ17O/δ18O=0.5, due to the relative mass differences (1 amu vs. 2 amu). Relations that do not follow this are termed mass independent and are the focus of this Minireview. In chemical reactions such as ozone formation, a δ17O/δ18O=1 is observed. Physical chemical models capture most parameters but differ in basic approach and are reviewed. The mass independent effect is observed in atmospheric species and used to track their chemistry at the modern and ancient Earth, Mars, and the early solar system (meteorites).

show abstract

Section: Meteoritic Sulfur Isotopic Anomaliesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Isotope Effects To Understand the Present and Past of the Atmosphere and Climate and Track the Origin of Life

Thiemens

Lin

2019

Angew Chem Int Ed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The authors argue against cosmic ray exposure because (i) there is no correlation between exposure age products due to neutrons and the measured sulphur isotopic ratios, and (ii) the slope for δ 36 S/δ 33 S obtained in this study diverges from theoretical predictions (δ 36 S/δ 33 S ∼ −7 ± 4 and δ 36 S/δ 33 S ∼ 8). As a possible cause, Antonelli et al (2014) suggest gas-phase photochemistry during the T-Tauri phase of the Sun. They assume that H 2 S, the most abundant S-bearing gas, is within ∼2 au distance from the Sun and near to the surface of the disc.…”

Section: A2 Possible Link Between Meteorites and Photodissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a study on the sulphur isotopic composition of magmatically differentiated meteorites has been published by Antonelli et al (2014). They investigated the possible processes which could lead to the same isotopic composition as measured in those meteorites.…”

Section: A2 Possible Link Between Meteorites and Photodissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, 61 troilite (FeS) nodules from 58 iron meteorites covering eight different groups (IAB, IC, IIAB, IIE, IIIAB, IIIF, IVA and IVB) have been analysed resulting in (−0.799 to 1.289) for δ 34 S and δ 33 S = (−0.562 to 0.532) , respectively, leading to a slope of ∼(0.516 ± 0.009) . In their report, Antonelli et al (2014) discuss different possible processes which could lead to the measured δ 33 S of (0.042 ± 0.007) (magmatic processes, kinetic processes, mixing of distinct reservoirs, and Rayleigh distillation); here, however, we will only debate the impact of nucleosynthesis, cosmic ray exposure and effects of photochemistry. For Antonelli et al (2014), nucleosynthesis seems to be unlikely the cause for the variations seen in δ 36 S and δ 33 S because (i) nucleosynthesis would affect mostly δ 33 S since 36 S is thought to be produced in different reactions and circumstances than 32 S, 33 S, and 34 S; (ii) a mixture of Solar system reservoir with a reservoir distinguished by a large 32 S excess (as it is measured in some SiC grains, see later) would lead to a unidirectional depletion in all minor isotopes.…”

Section: A2 Possible Link Between Meteorites and Photodissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their report, Antonelli et al (2014) discuss different possible processes which could lead to the measured δ 33 S of (0.042 ± 0.007) (magmatic processes, kinetic processes, mixing of distinct reservoirs, and Rayleigh distillation); here, however, we will only debate the impact of nucleosynthesis, cosmic ray exposure and effects of photochemistry. For Antonelli et al (2014), nucleosynthesis seems to be unlikely the cause for the variations seen in δ 36 S and δ 33 S because (i) nucleosynthesis would affect mostly δ 33 S since 36 S is thought to be produced in different reactions and circumstances than 32 S, 33 S, and 34 S; (ii) a mixture of Solar system reservoir with a reservoir distinguished by a large 32 S excess (as it is measured in some SiC grains, see later) would lead to a unidirectional depletion in all minor isotopes. Additionally, the case of injection with such material requires a non-chondritic sulphur isotopic composition at the beginning and that the amount of sulphur carried by the SiC grains is not negligible relative to the total sulphur content in the early Solar system stage.…”

Section: A2 Possible Link Between Meteorites and Photodissociationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sulphur isotope mass-independent fractionation observed in comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by Rosetta/ROSINA

Calmonte

Altwegg

Balsiger

et al. 2017

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The knowledge about sulphur isotopic fractionation in volatile cometary species is limited as only measurements in five comets have been done and only for 34 S/ 32 S. The lack of information about the fractionation of 33 S/ 32 S makes it impossible to compare them with what is known from refractories. We present results of 34 S/ 32 S and for the first time 33 S/ 32 S isotopic ratio in H 2 S, OCS, and CS 2 in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Observations used for this study were performed with Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis/Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer during 2014 October and 2016 May. Bulk isotopic 33 S/ 32 S and 34 S/ 32 S ratios derived from these three species yield δ 33 S = (−302 ± 29) and δ 34 S = (−41 ± 17) , respectively. The observed isotopic fractionation is significantly different from the assumed Solar system standard [Vienna-Canyon Diablo Troilite (V-CDT)] and all other reported values for Solar system objects, except other comets. Furthermore, we show that neither mass-dependent nor mass-independent fractionation due to photodissociation as it has been observed in recent laboratory studies can be the cause of the significant depletion compared to Solar system standard. In addition, we conclude that there seems to be an intrinsic difference in sulphur isotopic fractionation in cometary volatiles and refractories while the difference between molecules is most likely due to different chemical pathways. The significant fractionation of sulphur isotopes together with a high D 2 O/HDO versus HDO/H 2 O and non-solar isotopic ratio for xenon as well as for Si point towards a non-homogeneously mixed protosolar nebula.Key words: comets: general -comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. I N T RO D U C T I O NRosetta is a mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) with the aim to characterize Jupiter-family comet 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko (hereafter 67P) in situ. Rosetta followed the comet from a heliocentric distance of more than 3.6 au to perihelion and finally away again from the Sun to almost 3.8 au. One of the science goals of Rosetta was the determination of the elemental, isotopic, E-mail: ursina.calmonte@space.unibe.ch (UC); kathrin.altwegg@space. unibe.ch (KA); martin.rubin@space.unibe.ch (MR) and molecular composition of the cometary material. Most of the composition measurements during the mission, especially isotopic measurements, were done from the Rosetta orbiter in the coma, by the instrument ROSINA (Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis; Balsiger et al. 2007) Sensor (COPS). The composition of the coma, including dust and gas, depends on the actual composition of the nucleus and the physical and chemical processes involved in the desorption, sublimation and transport of the material into the coma. ROSINA has been sampling the volatiles in the coma throughout the mission. ROSINA observations revealed some remarkable links to pre-solar ices, including elevated D/H ratios in singly and doubly deuterated water (Altwegg ...

show abstract

Use of Isotope Effects To Understand the Present and Past of the Atmosphere and Climate and Track the Origin of Life

Thiemens

Lin

2019

Angewandte Chemie

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Early inner solar system origin for anomalous sulfur isotopes in differentiated protoplanets

Cited by 38 publications

References 34 publications

Use of Isotope Effects To Understand the Present and Past of the Atmosphere and Climate and Track the Origin of Life

Use of Isotope Effects To Understand the Present and Past of the Atmosphere and Climate and Track the Origin of Life

Sulphur isotope mass-independent fractionation observed in comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko by Rosetta/ROSINA

Use of Isotope Effects To Understand the Present and Past of the Atmosphere and Climate and Track the Origin of Life

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About