Early Introduction of Complementary Foods in Preterm Infants

Braid, Susan; Harvey, Elizabeth; Bernstein, Jenny; Matoba, Nana

doi:10.1097/mpg.0000000000000695

Cited by 23 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Research has pointed out that preterm infants are significantly more likely to be introduced to solid foods earlier compared with term infants. Observational studies have pointed out that preterm infants start complementary feeding between 11.5 and 15.1 weeks corrected age [33-36]. Even though a large amount of children are born premature every year, this systematic review shows that well-designed studies on which guidelines about the timing of initiating complementary feeding in preterm infants and the effect on overweight can be based are lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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Background: What is the appropriate time to start complementary feeding for preterm infants? The answer to this question is yet under debate. The timing of initiating complementary feeding may be associated with overweight in term infants. This systematic review aimed to study the effect of the timing of initiating complementary feeding on overweight in preterm infants. Predefined search items included preterm infants, complementary feeding, overweight, and their synonyms. Summary: The search identified 15,749 articles, of which 5 articles were included. Three studies presented data of randomized controlled trials and 2 studies were cohort studies. Two randomized controlled trials found no significant difference in body mass index (BMI) Z-score between the intervention groups at 12 months of age. One randomized controlled trial presented a significant greater mean rate of growth in length per week until 12 months in the preterm weaning strategy-group compared with the current best practices. One observational study concluded that each month the infants received complementary food later, the Z-score for length and weight was reduced by 0.1. Key Messages: No clear conclusion could be drawn from the included studies. This review illustrates the need for further research to access the effect of the timing of initiating complementary feeding on overweight in preterm infants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

et al. 2018

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“…The time of introducing solids was measured in weeks rather than months which allows for precise measurement of the time of event (i.e., the age of introducing solids) and clearly described early introduction of solids as "before 17 weeks". Many studies [34,46] report infant feeding patterns in months and define early introduction of solids as "before 4 months" and it therefore remains unclear if this refers to completed months of age. Researchers also do not provide a standardised criterion for converting months to weeks or vice versa and these conversions are often inconsistently determined and reported.…”

Section: Study Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants for early introduction of complementary foods in Australian infants: findings from the HSHK birth cohort study

Arora

Manohar

Hector

et al. 2020

Nutr J

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the timing of introduction of complementary (solid) foods among infants in South Western Sydney, Australia, and describe the maternal and infant characteristics associated with very early introduction of solids. Methods: Mother-infant dyads (n = 1035) were recruited into the "Healthy Smiles Healthy Kids" study by Child and Family Health Nurses at the first post-natal home visit. Data collected via telephone interviews at 8, 17, 34 and 52 weeks postpartum included timing of introduction of solids and a variety of maternal and infant characteristics (n = 934). Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with the risk of introducing solids very early, which for the purpose of this study was defined as being before 17 weeks. Results: The median age of introduction of solids was 22 weeks. In total, 13.6% (n = 127) of infants had received solids before 17 weeks and 76.9% (n = 719) before 26 weeks of age. The practice of introducing solids early decreased with older age of the mother. Compared to women < 25 years of age, those who were 35 years or older were 72% less likely to introduce solids very early (OR = 0.28, CI 95 0.14-0.58). Single mothers had more than twice the odds of introducing solids before the age of 17 weeks compared to married women (OR = 2.35, CI 95 1.33-4.16). Women who had returned to work between 6 to 12 months postpartum were 46% less likely to introduce solids very early compared with those who were not working at the child's first birthday (OR = 0.54, CI 95 0.30-0.97). Women born in Vietnam and Indian sub-continent had lower odds of introducing solids very early compared to Australian born women (OR = 0.42, CI 95 0.21-0.84 and OR = 0.30, CI 95 0.12-0.79, respectively). Infants who were exclusively formula-fed at 4 weeks postpartum had more than twice the odds of receiving solids very early (OR = 2.34, CI 95 1.49-3.66). Conclusions: Women who are younger, single mothers, those not working by the time of child's first birthday, those born in Australia, and those who exclusively formula-feed their babies at 4 weeks postpartum should be targeted for health promotion programs that aim to delay the introduction of solids in infants to the recommended time.

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“…Braid et al 7 , Jonsson et al 9 and Rodrigues and Delgado 8 report that the incorporation of supplementary feeding started earlier in preterm infants than in full-term infants (3.25 months of corrected age in preterm infants versus 4.25 to 4.5 months in full-term infants).…”

Section: Age Of Incorporation Of Supplementary Foodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of the above, a significant number of studies were found in literature suggesting, that in preterm infants, solid foods are introduced even before 4 months, as mentioned in Braid et al 7 , Rodrigues and Delgado 8 , Jonsson et al 9 and Chung et al 10 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, indicates that the introduction should not occur before 4 months nor after 6 months of age. No more specific recommendations are made for the case of preterm infants, and most literature suggests that given the lack of consensus and evidence, the decision to transition to more solid foods in preterm infants should be made according to individual characteristics 7 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of feeding skills in preterm infants: a critical literature review

2017

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Infants born prematurely have problems in developing feeding skills due to their immaturity. To describe this, a critical review of national and international literature was carried out from May to September 2016. The information was reviewed from Scielo, Pubmed and Cochrane, and also specialized journals using the following key words: "Feeding development preterm", "feeding skills preterm infants", "feeding transition preterm", "lumpy food babies", "solid food preterm", "transition solid food infant", "preterm children weaning food", "solids in preterm infants", also searched in Spanish and Portuguese. Publications were included if they shared similar purpose as the present revision, and published in the last 5 years, encompassing articles of systematic literature review or researches which studied preterm children aged between 0 and 10. Studies showed that transition food started earlier in preterm infants, who also showed more feeding problems. It is necessary to have common criteria in terms of assessment methodologies in order to be able to characterize this group in a better way. Parents of preterm infants would benefit from advise and information about developing eating skills, resulting in earlier intervention and management of feeding and eating problems. Keywords: Infant, Premature; Supplementary Feeding; Assessment RESUMEN Debido a la inmadurez que presentan los lactantes prematuros, el desarrollo de habilidades de alimentación se ve interferido. Mediante la revisión sistemática de la literatura internacional y nacional se intentó describir este proceso. Se realizó una búsqueda entre mayo y septiembre del 2016 en Scielo, Pubmed y Cochrame y revistas especializadas utilizando los descriptores: "Feeding development preterm", "feeding skills preterm infants", "feeding transition preterm", "lumpy food babies", "solid food preterm", "transition solid food infant", "preterm children weaning food", "solids in preterm infants", tanto en español como en portugués. Se consideraron publicaciones que tuvieran directa relación con el objetivo de esta revisión realizadas en los últimos 5 años, artículos de revisión sistemática de la literatura o investigaciones experimentales cuyo objeto de estudio fueran niños prematuros entre 0 y 10 años. Las investigaciones mostraron que la incorporación de consistencias es más temprana en niños prematuros que de término y que presentan mayores dificultades de alimentación. Se requiere aunar criterios en cuanto a metodologías de evaluación para poder caracterizar a este grupo de mejor manera. Padres y cuidadores de prematuros requieren manejar información completa en relación a la alimentación complementaria para que esta sea exitosa, logrando una pesquisa oportuna y un adecuado manejo.

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Early Introduction of Complementary Foods in Preterm Infants

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

The Timing of Initiating Complementary Feeding in Preterm Infants and Its Effect on Overweight: A Systematic Review

Determinants for early introduction of complementary foods in Australian infants: findings from the HSHK birth cohort study

Development of feeding skills in preterm infants: a critical literature review

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