Early-life environmental exposure determinants of child behavior in Europe: A longitudinal, population-based study

Maitre, Léa; Júlvez, Jordi; López-Vicente, Mònica; Warembourg, Charline; Tamayo-Uria, Ibon; Philippat, Claire; Gützkow, Kristine B.; Guxens, Mònica; Andrušaitytė, Sandra; Basagaña, Xavier; Casas, Maribel; Castro, Montserrat de; Chatzi, Leda; Evandt, Jorunn; González, Juan R.; Haug, Line Småstuen; Heude, Barbara; Hernández-Ferrer, Carles; Kampouri, Mariza; Manson, Dan; Márquez, Sandra; McEachan, Rosemary; Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark; Robinson, Oliver; Slama, Rémy; Thomsen, Cathrine; Urquiza, José; Vafeidi, Marina; Wright, John; Vrijheid, Martine

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106523

Cited by 73 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…As known exposures impacting PSD are still limited and no major advances in the field have been observed recently, agnostic exposure-wide analytical approaches that take into account of inter-correlation may provide further understanding of other, so far, unknown factors that also cover other domains of the exposome such as internal (e.g., inflammation) and external (e.g., chemical, lifestyle, psycho-social) correlates (13). In this regard, similar to previous studies in other phenotypes such as HIV (46), diabetes (47), depression (48), and childhood behavior (49), our research group is currently conducting a systematic exposomewide investigation of correlates of psychosis expression in the UK Biobank.…”

Section: Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 63%

Estimating Aggregate Environmental Risk Score in Psychiatry: The Exposome Score for Schizophrenia

et al. 2021

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To understand the role of environment in the pathoetiology of psychosis spectrum disorders, research has thus far mainly investigated the effects of single exposures in isolation, such as the association between cannabis use and schizophrenia. However, this approach fails to acknowledge the complexity of the exposome, which represents the totality of the environment involving many exposures over an individual's lifetime. Therefore, contemporary research adopting the exposome paradigm has aimed at capturing the combined effect of different environmental exposures by utilizing an aggregate environmental vulnerability score for schizophrenia: the exposome score for schizophrenia. Here, we attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of studies applying the exposome score for schizophrenia. First, we describe several approaches estimating exposomic vulnerability for schizophrenia, which falls into three categories: simple environmental sum scores (sum of dichotomized exposures), meta-analysis-based environmental risk score (sum scores weighted by estimates from meta-analyses), and the exposome score (sum score weighted by estimates from an analysis in an independent training dataset). Studies show that the exposome score for schizophrenia that assumes interdependency of exposures performs better than scores that assume independence of exposures, such as the environmental sum score and the meta-analysis-based environmental risk score. Second, we discuss findings on the pluripotency of the exposome score for schizophrenia and summarize findings from gene-environment studies using the exposome score for schizophrenia. Finally, we discuss possible scientific, clinical, and population-based applications of exposome score for schizophrenia, as well as limitations and future directions for exposome research to understand the etiology of psychosis spectrum disorders.

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Section: Future Directionssupporting

confidence: 63%

Estimating Aggregate Environmental Risk Score in Psychiatry: The Exposome Score for Schizophrenia

et al. 2021

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“…More recently, we published a HELIX paper using the same exposome and sub-sample, but in relation to ADHD symptoms and externalizing and internalizing problems based on Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). We observed several prenatal environmental contaminants (indoor air pollution and smoking) and child lifestyle habits (diet, sleep and family social capital) were associated with behavioural problems in children ( Maitre et al, 2021 ). One of the strengths in this previous study on behavioural problems and in our study here on cognition, is that we systematically analysed a much larger range of exposure biomarkers in blood and urine to determine the internal levels in the model, and, we analysed prenatal and childhood exposure variables.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early life multiple exposures and child cognitive function: A multi-centric birth cohort study in six European countries

Júlvez

López-Vicente

Warembourg

et al. 2021

Environmental Pollution

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Epidemiological studies mostly focus on single environmental exposures. This study aims to systematically assess associations between a wide range of prenatal and childhood environmental exposures and cognition. The study sample included data of 1298 mother-child pairs, children were 6–11 years-old, from six European birth cohorts. We measured 87 exposures during pregnancy and 122 cross-sectionally during childhood, including air pollution, built environment, meteorology, natural spaces, traffic, noise, chemicals and life styles. The measured cognitive domains were fluid intelligence (Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices test, CPM), attention (Attention Network Test, ANT) and working memory (N-Back task). We used two statistical approaches to assess associations between exposure and child cognition: the exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) considering each exposure independently, and the deletion-substitution-addition algorithm (DSA) considering all exposures simultaneously to build a final multiexposure model. Based on this multiexposure model that included the exposure variables selected by ExWAS and DSA models, child organic food intake was associated with higher fluid intelligence (CPM) scores (beta = 1.18; 95% CI = 0.50, 1.87) and higher working memory (N-Back) scores (0.23; 0.05, 0.41), and child fast food intake (−1.25; −2.10, −0.40), house crowding (−0.39; −0.62, −0.16), and child environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) (−0.89; −1.42, −0.35), were all associated with lower CPM scores. Indoor PM 2.5 exposure was associated with lower N-Back scores (−0.09; −0.16, −0.02). Additional associations in the unexpected direction were found: Higher prenatal mercury levels, maternal alcohol consumption and child higher perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) levels were associated with better cognitive performance; and higher green exposure during pregnancy with lower cognitive performance. This first comprehensive and systematic study of many prenatal and childhood environmental risk factors suggests that unfavourable child nutrition, family crowdedness and child indoor air pollution and ETS exposures adversely and cross-sectionally associate with cognitive function. Unexpected associations were also observed and maybe due to confounding and reverse causality.

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“…Studies of childhood global developmental [83], internalizing behaviour [84] and neurobehavioral and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [85][86][87] outcomes and childhood air pollutant exposure were also published in 2021. ADHD has been explored on many occasions with mixed results; recent longitudinal research supports a mediating role of air pollution in the observed beneficial relation between increasing childhood availability of environmental greenspace and ADHD diagnosis [88].…”

Section: Neurodevelopmental Child and Adolescent Mental Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution and mental health: associations, mechanisms and methods

King

Zhang

Cohen

2021

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of reviewThere is increasing interest in the links between exposure to air pollution and a range of health outcomes. The association with mental health however is much less established. This article reviews developments in the field over the past 12 months, highlighting the evidence for causation, associations between multiple air pollutants and mental health outcomes, and assesses the challenges of researching this topic. Recent findingsIncreasingly rigorous methods are being applied to the investigation of a broader range of mental health outcomes. These methods include basic science, neuroimaging, and observational studies representing diverse geographical locations. Cohort studies with linked high-resolution air pollutant exposure data are common, facilitating advanced analytic methods. To date, meta-analyses have demonstrated small and significant positive associations between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter and depressive symptoms and cognitive decline. Methodological complexities in measuring exposure and outcome pose ongoing difficulties for the field.

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Early-life environmental exposure determinants of child behavior in Europe: A longitudinal, population-based study

Abstract: Graphical abstract

Cited by 73 publications

References 56 publications

Estimating Aggregate Environmental Risk Score in Psychiatry: The Exposome Score for Schizophrenia

Estimating Aggregate Environmental Risk Score in Psychiatry: The Exposome Score for Schizophrenia

Early life multiple exposures and child cognitive function: A multi-centric birth cohort study in six European countries

Air pollution and mental health: associations, mechanisms and methods

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