Early‐life risk factors for late‐onset depression

Sneed, Joel R.; Kasen, Stephanie; Cohen, Patricia

doi:10.1002/gps.1727

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We note, in particular, consistency with the two studies that used a prospective design [20,22]. However, none of the previous studies entailed a direct comparison of neuroticism in remitted patients with EOD versus LOD, and to the best of our knowledge our study is the first to test this difference directly.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Three such studies [20,21,22] reported a greater increase (relative to controls) of neuroticism in EOD than in LOD, and three [23,24,25] found equal increases of neuroticism in EOD and LOD. Two of the studies employed a methodologically strong community-based longitudinal prospective design with personality measures predicting depressive episodes 3-5 years [20] and 10 years [22] later. The other four studies concerned current depression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neuroticism in Remitted Major Depression: Elevated with Early Onset but Not Late Onset of Depression

Gade

Kristoffersen²,

Kessing

2015

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The personality trait of neuroticism is strongly related to depression, but depression is etiologically heterogeneous. Late-onset depression (LOD) may be more closely related to vascular factors, and previous studies of neuroticism in LOD versus early-onset depression (EOD) have not been consistent. Method: We examined neuroticism, extraversion and perceived stress in 88 fully remitted depressed patients with a mean age of 60 years and with a history of hospitalization for major depressive disorder. Patients were divided into those with onset after and those with onset before 50 years of age (LOD and EOD, respectively), and the two groups were compared both with each other and with matched control groups of healthy subjects. Results: EOD patients showed increased levels of neuroticism in comparison with both LOD and matched controls, who did not differ. The association between age of onset and neuroticism was confirmed in analyses based on age of depression onset as a continuous variable. Conclusion: Neuroticism may be an etiological factor in EOD but not or less so in LOD. This finding contributes to the growing evidence for etiological differences between early- and late-onset late-life depression.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroticism in Remitted Major Depression: Elevated with Early Onset but Not Late Onset of Depression

Gade

Kristoffersen²,

Kessing

2015

Psychopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…below the sample mean (set at 0 ¼ no financial strain, 1 ¼ financial strain). Associations between social support and depression 47 and between financial strain and self-reported health 46 also have been reported in CIC mothers.…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 72%

“…Prospective associations between this measure of MDD and social support and neuroticism in an overlapping sample of CIC mothers support its validity. 47 Statistical analysis Differences in proportions were tested with w 2 tests, and differences in means by two-sample t-tests. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate associations between meeting DSM-IV criteria for GAD and MDD at average age 59 and a baseline BMI X30 and X25 (that is, at average age 27), controlling for other potential risk factors that included age, race, education level, prior depressive symptoms (that is, at average age 38) and marital status, chronic disease, low social support, financial strain and attained BMI assessed at outcome (that is, at average age 59).…”

Section: Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and psychopathology in women: a three decade prospective study

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To evaluate prospective associations between elevations in body mass index (BMI) at average age 27 and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) at average age 59 in a community sample of women. Design: Three waves of data collected over three decades were drawn from mothers in the Children in the Community (CIC) Study. Binary logistic regression was used to estimate predictive effects of two BMI cutpoints (X30 and X25) on GAD and MDD independent of other risks for psychopathology. Measurements: Information about height and weight was obtained by self-report in face-to-face interviews. GAD and MDD were assessed by structured interview covering DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Other potential risk factors examined included age, race, education, prior depressive symptoms and marital status, chronic disease, social support and financial strain concurrent with GAD and MDD. Results: A baseline BMI X30 significantly increased the odds for subsequent GAD and MDD by 6.27 and 5.25 times, respectively, after adjusting for other significant risk factors. Odds of GAD also increased significantly given a baseline BMI X25 (by 2.44 times); however this association was not independent of other significant risk factors. Predictive associations between a baseline BMI X30 and MDD were not attenuated by attained BMI assessed at outcome. Conclusion: Findings extend existing evidence of the mental health consequences of obesity in a representative sample of mothers, and suggest that obesity may have long-term implications for mental distress in women at a clinical level over the adult years.

show abstract

“…While the etiology of late life depression (LLD) can be a complex interaction of psychological, medical, disability, and psychosocial factors (3, 4), LLD has also been consistently associated with cortical atrophy in bilateral frontal brain regions, most commonly in the orbitofrontal cortex (5–9), and to a lesser extent in parietal and temporal regions (10, 11). These findings largely support neurobiological conceptualizations of depression as being heavily mediated by extended neural networks comprised of the orbitofrontal cortex, the medial prefrontal cortex, the cingulate, and anatomical connections with the temporal lobe, striatum, thalamus and brain stem (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Reduced Cortical Thickness in Late-Life Depression and Relationship to Psychotherapeutic Response

Mackin

Tosun

Mueller

et al. 2013

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Cortical atrophy has been associated with late life depression (LLD) and recent findings suggest that reduced right hemisphere cortical thickness is associated with familial risk for major depressive disorder but cortical thickness abnormalities in LLD have not been explored. Further, cortical atrophy has been posited as a contributor to poor antidepressant treatment response in LLD but the impact of cortical thickness on psychotherapy response is unknown. This study was conducted to evaluate patterns of cortical thickness in LLD and in relation to psychotherapy treatment outcomes. Methods Participants included 22 individuals with LLD and 12 age matched comparison subjects. LLD participants completed 12 weeks of psychotherapy and treatment response was defined as a 50% reduction in depressive symptoms. All participants participated in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain and cortical mapping of grey matter tissue thickness was calculated. Results LLD individuals demonstrated thinner cortex than controls prominently in the right frontal, parietal, and temporal brain regions. Eleven participants (50%) exhibited positive psychotherapy response after 12 weeks of treatment. Psychotherapy non-responders demonstrated thinner cortex in bilateral posterior cingulate and parahippocampal cortices, left paracentral, precuneus, cuneus, and insular cortices, and the right medial orbito-frontal and lateral occipital cortices relative to treatment responders. Conclusions Our findings suggest more distributed right hemisphere cortical abnormalities in LLD than have been previously reported. Additionally, our findings suggest that reduced bilateral cortical thickness may be an important phenotypic marker of individuals at higher risk for poor response to psychotherapy.

show abstract

Early‐life risk factors for late‐onset depression

Abstract: These findings provide support for the notion that poor health and not psychosocial risk factors or neuroticism predispose otherwise healthy adults to developing depression for the first time in late-life.

Cited by 33 publications

References 14 publications

Neuroticism in Remitted Major Depression: Elevated with Early Onset but Not Late Onset of Depression

Neuroticism in Remitted Major Depression: Elevated with Early Onset but Not Late Onset of Depression

Obesity and psychopathology in women: a three decade prospective study

Patterns of Reduced Cortical Thickness in Late-Life Depression and Relationship to Psychotherapeutic Response

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About