Early‐life stress selectively affects gastrointestinal but not behavioral responses in a genetic model of brain–gut axis dysfunction

Hyland, Niall P.; O’Mahony, Siobhain M.; O’Malley, Dervla; O'Mahony, Conor; Dinan, Timothy G.; Cryan, John F.

doi:10.1111/nmo.12486

Cited by 38 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The fact that WKY rats exhibited lower locomotor activity but yet higher formalin-evoked nociceptive behaviour compared with SD rats suggests that their hyperalgesic behaviour is expressed independently of, and despite, their hypo locomotor activity and likely reflects exacerbated nociception in this inbred strain. Taken together, the results presented herein confirm that WKY rats display greater anxiety-and pain-related behaviour in line with the previous studies from our lab and others (Braw et al, 2006;Gentsch et al, 1987;Hyland et al, 2015;McAuley et al, 2009;Rea et al, 2014;Smith et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…During the 10 min pre-formalin trials in the Perspex formalin test arena, the rearing and grooming of WKY rats were lower when compared to their SD counterparts, further suggesting that the WKY rats exhibited increased anxiety-like behaviour in this novel environment and supporting previous findings Paré, 1994). Furthermore, the faecal output of the WKY rats during the pre-formalin trial was higher than that of SD rats, another index of greater anxiogenic behaviour in WKY rats when exposed to a novel environment (Hyland et al, 2015). WKY rats exhibited lower thermal nociceptive threshold when compared to SD rats as reported previously Olango, 2012;Schaap et al,2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…mRNA and protein levels were also found to be upregulated in the hippocampus of rats exposed to restraint stress (Navarria et al, 2014 (Gentsch et al, 1987;Paré, 1994) and also displays a hyperalgesic response to a variety of noxious stimuli Hyland et al, 2015;Moloney et al, 2015;O' Mahony et al, 2013;Rea et al, 2014). Thus, the WKY rat represents a useful model of hyperalgesia associated with negative affective state and may facilitate understanding of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms and identification of novel therapeutic targets for pain and its co-morbidity with affective disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Genotype-dependent responsivity to inflammatory pain: A role for TRPV1 in the periaqueductal grey

Madasu

Okine

Olango

et al. 2016

Pharmacological Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Genotype-dependent responsivity to inflammatory pain: A role for TRPV1 in the periaqueductal grey

Madasu

Okine

Olango

et al. 2016

Pharmacological Research

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“…During dynamic periods of life, including infancy, puberty and aging, the composition of the microbiota shows high instability and variability that correlate with age-and sex-specific disease risk. Such evidence further underscores the adaptive contribution of the gut microbiome during distinct life stages [49,[68][69][70][71][72][73].…”

Section: Sex Differences In the Gut Microbiome-brain Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the gut microbiome–brain axis across the lifespan

Jašarević

Morrison

Bale

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

232

167

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In recent years, the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the brain has emerged as a factor that influences immunity, metabolism, neurodevelopment and behaviour. Cross-talk between the gut and brain begins early in life immediately following the transition from a sterile in utero environment to one that is exposed to a changing and complex microbial milieu over a lifetime. Once established, communication between the gut and brain integrates information from the autonomic and enteric nervous systems, neuroendocrine and neuroimmune signals, and peripheral immune and metabolic signals. Importantly, the composition and functional potential of the gut microbiome undergoes many transitions that parallel dynamic periods of brain development and maturation for which distinct sex differences have been identified. Here, we discuss the sexually dimorphic development, maturation and maintenance of the gut microbiome–brain axis, and the sex differences therein important in disease risk and resilience throughout the lifespan.

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“…This has been documented in several well-established animal models of monkeys and rodents. 24,25 In animal studies stress-induced changes in physiology resulted in dysbiosis and the dysbiotic microbiota was required for stress-induced anxiety-like behavior to manifest itself in the animals. 4,26,27 The microbiota…”

Section: Ibsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

Raskov¹,

et al. 2016

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Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder and it is now evident that irritable bowel syndrome is a multi-factorial complex of changes in microbiota and immunology. The bidirectional neurohumoral integrated communication between the microbiota and the autonomous nervous system is called the gut-brain-axis, which integrates brain and GI functions, such as gut motility, appetite and weight. The gut-brain-axis has a central function in the perpetuation of irritable bowel syndrome and the microbiota plays a critical role. The purpose of this article is to review recent research concerning the epidemiology of irritable bowel syndrome, influence of microbiota, probiota, gut-brainaxis, and possible treatment modalities on irritable bowel syndrome. The integrated actions and communication between the microbiota and the autonomous nervous system are central players in the perpetuation of IBS symptoms. This signaling pathway is called the GutBrain Axis (GBA). The GBA is a bidirectional neurohumoral communication system that integrates brain and GI functions, such as gut motility, appetite and weightand here the microbiota plays a critical role. 2Changes in gastrointestinal or central nervous system physiology may result in an altered habitat, which again may cause changes in the composition of the microbiota.Disruption of the physiologic symbiotic relationship (eubiosis) between the human host and the microbiota is called dysbiosis and is regarded a basic factor for initiating and maintaining IBS in the majority of patients. Current evidence has suggested that the dysbiosis observed in IBS and the resulting immunological response may drive and perpetuate gastrointestinal symptoms of IBS suggesting that IBS is in fact a disorder of the microbiota and the GBA. It is unclear whether the initiating factor is brain abnormalities that drive the gut changes or if changes in the gut alter brain function through vagal and sympathetic pathways.3,4 The purpose of this article is to review recent research concerning the influence of microbiota and gut-brain-axis on IBS. IBSIt is estimated that approximately 10% of the World population and 15% of the population in the Western World suffer from IBS characterized by a mixture of recurrent abdominal pain, bloating, changing stool consistency such as diarrhea (IBS-D), constipation (IBS-C), or interchanging diarrhea and constipation (mixed-type or IBS-M), mucus secretion, and nausea. 5,6 Community-based data indicate that IBS-M is the most prevalent type followed by IBS-D and IBS-C and that switching among subtypes occurs. Bloating is the most prevalent symptom reported by 96% of patients with IBS of whatever subgroup. 7 In addition to abdominal symptoms, poor sleep, headache, CONTACT Hans Raskov raskov@mail.dk Lundevangsvej 23, DK-2900 Hellerup, Denmark. Color versions of one or more of the figures in the article can be found online at www.tandfonline.com/kgmi.

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Early‐life stress selectively affects gastrointestinal but not behavioral responses in a genetic model of brain–gut axis dysfunction

Cited by 38 publications

References 52 publications

Genotype-dependent responsivity to inflammatory pain: A role for TRPV1 in the periaqueductal grey

Genotype-dependent responsivity to inflammatory pain: A role for TRPV1 in the periaqueductal grey

Sex differences in the gut microbiome–brain axis across the lifespan

Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis

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