Early manifestations of “sick euthyroid” syndrome in patients with compensated chronic heart failure

Shanoudy, Hany; Soliman, Adel S.; Moe, Stephen; Hadian, Djavid; Veldhuis, Johannes D.; Iranmanesh, Ali; Russell, Debra

doi:10.1054/jcaf.2001.24665

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…These changes are proportional to the functional class of the HF, being correlated with the seriousness of the disease. 316 In HF there is a reduction of the peripheral conversion of T 4 into T 3 which results in the low T 3 syndrome or the sick euthyroid that is described in the DHF [317][318][319][320] . The functional integrity of this hormonal axis is not completely explained, although an attenuation of the response of TSH to TRH has been described.…”

Section: Low T 3 Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

I Diretriz Latino-Americana para avaliação e conduta na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada

Bocchi¹,

Vilas-Boas²,

Perrone³

et al. 2005

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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Section: Low T 3 Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

I Diretriz Latino-Americana para avaliação e conduta na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada

Bocchi¹,

Vilas-Boas²,

Perrone³

et al. 2005

Arq. Bras. Cardiol.

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“…In patients with systemic illness from different causes the low-T3 syndrome was described which is characterized by decreased fT3 levels accompanied by normal thyroxine (T4) and thyrotropin (TSH) values resulting from a decrease in peripheral conversion of T4 into T3 [2]. Although the pathophysiologic impact of the low-T3 syndrome is not yet clear, it is highly prevalent in patients with cardiovascular disease and indicates increased mortality [3][4][5][6][7][8]. In patients with heart failure, the low-T3 syndrome especially correlates with disease severity and is independently associated with unfavourable prognosis [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship and prognostic impact of low-T3 syndrome and NT-pro-BNP in cardiovascular patients

Pfister

Strack

Wielckens

et al. 2010

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…For example, hyperthyroidism increases the metabolic demands of the body and stresses the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (22,29). In contrast, patients with heart failure can actually exhibit a "sick euthryoid" syndrome, characterized by decreased or normal levels of triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and increased levels of reverse T 3 (9,23,35). The possibility of using thyroid hormone replacement as a therapeutic measure has been approached in patients with heart failure (13,23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-specific effects of thyroid hormones on cardiopulmonary function in SHHF rats

Schlenker

Tamura²,

Gerdes³

2003

Journal of Applied Physiology

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der-specific effects of thyroid hormones on cardiopulmonary function in SHHF rats. J Appl Physiol 95: 2292-2298, 2003. First published August 8, 2003 10.1152/japplphysiol. 00594.2003.-Spontaneously hypertensive heart failure (SHHF) rats develop hypertension and heart failure. We hypothesized that induction of hyperthyroidism should accelerate development of heart failure in male SHHF rats. Male and female SHHF rats received diets containing desiccated thyroid glands (DTG) or a control diet for 8 wk. Male and female Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as normotensive controls. DTG treatment reduced body weight in male, but not female, SHHF rats but increased body temperature and heart weight-to-body weight ratio in both genders. In DTGtreated male SHHF rats, serum triiodothyronine levels doubled relative to SHHF controls, whereas O2 consumption increased in DTG-treated SHHF rats. Frequency of breathing in air increased in DTG-treated female rats, and ventilation increased in DTG-treated male rats. Ventilatory equivalents exhibited gender differences in SHHF rats, were decreased in both genders by DTG treatment, and reached levels similar to those of Wistar-Kyoto rats. DTG increased heart rate, right ventricular pressure, and contractility in both genders and increased left ventricular pressure in SHHF male rats. These results refute our hypothesis and suggest that cardiopulmonary function of SHHF male rats may be improved by DTG treatment.hypertension; sick euthryoid syndrome; hyperthyroidism SPONTANEOUSLY HYPERTENSIVE heart failure (SHHF) rats were originally derived from a cross between the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and the Koletsky obese rat. Subsequently, these animals were bred with SHR-N (an SHR colony at the National Institutes of Health) (27). Lean male SHHF rats die between 15 and 20 mo of age, and lean females die between 22 and 26 mo of age. Although gender differences in the development of heart failure and hypertension have been examined in this strain (11,12,18,28,36), control of breathing has not been investigated.An additional stressor on the cardiopulmonary system is thyroid hormone dysfunction. For example, hyperthyroidism increases the metabolic demands of the body and stresses the cardiovascular and respiratory systems (22,29). In contrast, patients with heart failure can actually exhibit a "sick euthryoid" syndrome, characterized by decreased or normal levels of triiodothyronine (T 3 ) and increased levels of reverse T 3 (9, 23, 35). The possibility of using thyroid hormone replacement as a therapeutic measure has been approached in patients with heart failure (13, 23). Thus, increasing thyroid levels in SHHF rats may actually improve their cardiopulmonary status.In this study, we investigated the effects of experimentally induced hyperthyroidism in male and female SHHF rats on control of breathing and cardiac function. Gender-matched Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were used as normotensive, euthryoid controls. We hypothesized that the combined effects of hyperthyroidism and hypertension would ...

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Early manifestations of “sick euthyroid” syndrome in patients with compensated chronic heart failure

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

I Diretriz Latino-Americana para avaliação e conduta na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada

I Diretriz Latino-Americana para avaliação e conduta na insuficiência cardíaca descompensada

The relationship and prognostic impact of low-T3 syndrome and NT-pro-BNP in cardiovascular patients

Gender-specific effects of thyroid hormones on cardiopulmonary function in SHHF rats

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