Early maternal hypothyroxinemia alters histogenesis and cerebral cortex cytoarchitecture of the progeny

Lavado-Autric, Rosalía; Ausó, Eva; García-Velasco, José Victor; Arufe, M.C.; Rey, Francisco Escobar del; Berbel, Pere; Escobar, Gabriella Morreale de

doi:10.1172/jci16262

Cited by 206 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…To confirm that the PCBs interfered with the thyroid system, pregnant rats were fed Aroclor 1254 supplemented with T 4 , and motor problems in the pups were attenuated (Goldey and Crofton 1998). In line with the U.S. EPA findings, Lavado-Autric et al (2003) report abnormal cell migration and cytoarchitecture in the hippocampus and primary somatosensory cortex in rat pups whose dams were fed a low-iodine diet. They point out that the pups exhibited detectable functional audio deficits related to this abnormal development (Lavado-Autric et al 2003).…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Thyroid-disrupting Chemicalssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…In line with the U.S. EPA findings, Lavado-Autric et al (2003) report abnormal cell migration and cytoarchitecture in the hippocampus and primary somatosensory cortex in rat pups whose dams were fed a low-iodine diet. They point out that the pups exhibited detectable functional audio deficits related to this abnormal development (Lavado-Autric et al 2003). …”

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Thyroid-disrupting Chemicalssupporting

confidence: 76%

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Neurodevelopment and Endocrine Disruption

Colborn¹

2004

Environ Health Perspect

234

134

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In this article I explore the possibility that contaminants contribute to the increasing prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and associated neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems in developed countries. I discuss the exquisite sensitivity of the embryo and fetus to thyroid disturbance and provide evidence of human in utero exposure to contaminants that can interfere with the thyroid. Because it may never be possible to link prenatal exposure to a specific chemical with neurodevelopmental damage in humans, I also present alternate models where associations have been made between exposure to specific chemicals or chemical classes and developmental difficulties in laboratory animals, wildlife, and humans.

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Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Thyroid-disrupting Chemicalssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Mechanisms Of Action Of Thyroid-disrupting Chemicalssupporting

confidence: 76%

Neurodevelopment and Endocrine Disruption

Colborn¹

2004

Environ Health Perspect

234

134

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“…Experimental work has shown that low thyroxine levels in critical phases of pregnancy are associated with irreversible alterations in fetal brain (9,15,16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine intake in Portuguese pregnant women: results of a countrywide study

Limbert¹,

Prazeres²,

Pedro³

et al. 2010

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Background: Iodine is the key element for thyroid hormone synthesis, and its deficiency, even moderate, is harmful in pregnancy, when needs are increased, because of its potential deleterious effects on fetal brain development. In Portugal, no recent data on iodine intake exists. The objective of this countrywide study was to analyze iodine status in pregnant Portuguese women in order to propose adequate measures to the health authorities. Subjects and methods: Using a fast colorimetric method, urine iodine concentration (UIC) was evaluated in 3631 pregnant women followed in 17 maternity hospitals from hinterland and coastal areas in Continental Portugal and the Portuguese islands of Açores and Madeira. Results: Median UIC value was 84.9 mg/l (range 67.6-124.1) in Continental Portugal, 69.5 mg/l in Madeira, and 50.0 mg/l in Açores. The percentage of satisfactory values (O150 mg/l) was 16.8, ranging from 8.8 to 34.1 in the Continent, and being 8.2 in Madeira and 2.3 in Açores. The percentage of values below 50 mg/l was 23.7, ranging from 14.0 to 37.4 in the Continent, 33.7 in Madeira, and 50.0 in Açores. Conclusions: Our results point to an inadequate iodine intake in pregnant women assisted in most Portuguese maternity hospitals. Considering the potential deleterious effects of inadequate iodine supply in pregnancy, iodine supplementation is strongly recommended in this period of life.

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“…Low TH is associated with alterations of cell migration in the developing brain [19,77,78], decreased myelination and cell migration and maturation [77] resulting in permanent changes of the cytoarchitecture, especially of the somatosensory cortex and the hippocampus [21], and for these effects, critical windows of sensibility exist during fetal and embryonic development [13]. …”

Section: Effects Of Low Ths On the Developing Human Brainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, decreased TH levels during pregnancy result in serious alterations of the neurodevelopment of the developing fetus [13,18]. Mandatory screening for thyroid function in pregnant women is therefore warranted [19,20], especially in the light of the permanent effects of hypothyroxinemia on brain development [21,22]. Therefore, the potential of chemicals interfering with TH homeostasis needs careful attention, and the main aspects and long-term effects of TH-disrupting compound (THDC) activities and exposure for humans are discussed below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on the Thyroid Hormone System

Gutleb

Cambier

Serchi³

2016

Horm Res Paediatr

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The thyroid hormone (TH) system plays a central role in central physiological processes of many species, including mammals and humans, ranging from growth and cell differentiation, energy metabolism, thermoregulation and phasing of hibernation or annual movements of migratory species, metamorphosis from larvae to adult forms, brain development, reproduction, or the cardiovascular system. Several chemicals are known to be TH-disrupting compounds (THDCs) and have been shown to interact with virtually all elements of TH homeostasis such as feedback mechanisms with the hypothalamus-pituitary axis, TH synthesis, TH storage and release from the thyroid gland, transport protein binding and TH distribution in tissues and organs, cellular TH uptake, intracellular TH metabolism, and TH receptor binding. Therefore, chemicals interfering with the TH homeostasis have the potential to interact with many of these important processes, and especially early-life stage exposure results in permanent alterations of tissue organization and homeostatic regulation of adaptive processes. This is not only of theoretical importance as the reported plasma concentrations of THDCs in human plasma fall well within the range of reported in vitro effect concentrations, and this is of even higher importance as the developing fetus and young children are in a sensitive developmental stage.

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Early maternal hypothyroxinemia alters histogenesis and cerebral cortex cytoarchitecture of the progeny

Cited by 206 publications

References 50 publications

Neurodevelopment and Endocrine Disruption

Neurodevelopment and Endocrine Disruption

Iodine intake in Portuguese pregnant women: results of a countrywide study

Impact of Endocrine Disruptors on the Thyroid Hormone System

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