Early Miocene flora of the Manuherikia Group, New Zealand. 10. Paleoecology and stratigraphy

Pole, Mike

doi:10.1080/03036758.1993.10721232

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…fide C. McLay) and fish remains. Mean annual temperature is thought to have been mesothermal (c. 14-20°C) (Pole 1993b Paranephrops fordycei n. sp. Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species ofParanephropsWhite, 1842: A fossil freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Parastacidae) from the Manuherikia Group (Miocene), Central Otago, New Zealand

Feldmann

Pole

1994

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…fide C. McLay) and fish remains. Mean annual temperature is thought to have been mesothermal (c. 14-20°C) (Pole 1993b Paranephrops fordycei n. sp. Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species ofParanephropsWhite, 1842: A fossil freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Parastacidae) from the Manuherikia Group (Miocene), Central Otago, New Zealand

Feldmann

Pole

1994

New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics

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“…There is no evidence yet for the legumes in the cuticle record in the lowest Manuherikia Group. Stratigraphicaly higher, they were certainly an important component of the Nevis Oil Shale Pole, 1992c) and in a probable correlative at Bannockburn-03 (unpublished specimen). The pods and leaves in the Nevis Oil Shale were suggested to represent Serianthes, a genus that is entirely restricted to megathermal locations today (MATs at least 20.8°C).…”

Section: Legumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, even the most diverse fossil assemblages in New Zealand so far are still rather species poor. In addition to those fossil leaf taxa already described from Foulden Maar and the Manuherikia Group by Pole (1992aPole ( , 1992bPole ( , 1992cPole ( , 1993bPole ( , 1993cPole ( , 1993dPole ( , 1993e, 1993f, 1993g, 2007a and Pole et al (1989 some other taxa need to be described to be included in the present study. These are typically ones that are uncommon and/or poorly preserved, but nevertheless need to be dealt with for foliar physiognomic completeness (Appendix 4).…”

Section: Climate From Foliar Physiognomymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Miocene climate in New Zealand: Estimates from paleobotanical data

Pole¹

2014

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Miocene New Zealand was a small, highly oceanic landmass which makes it ideal for recording terrestrial climate, free of the complications of a continental setting. Fortunately, it has a good Miocene fossil record, both marine and terrestrial. This paper reviews past conclusions about Miocene climate then attempts to derive some key climate indices for the period using a variety of plant fossil proxies. The paper looks at three slices of Miocene time -a broad early to earliest middle Miocene time, a restricted period in the middle Miocene, and broader middle-late Miocene. The results suggest early to earliest middle Miocene Mean Annual Temperatures (MATs) reached at least 17-18°C, thus, about 6-7°C warmer than today (coastal areas of southern New Zealand today have a MAT of about 11°C). At times Miocene MAT may have reached 19-20°C. These figures support the cooler estimates of New Zealand Miocene climate that have been made previously by using palebotanical proxies, rather than those based on marine invertebrates. Based on plant fossils there is no evidence that New Zealand ever reached truly 'tropical' (i.e., megathermal) conditions (> 24-25°C). The climate in the middle Miocene is confounded by signs of precipitation and temperature change, and the rarity of leaf fossils. However, the data suggest both cooling and drying from the early Miocene. The presence of crocodiles yet the disappearance of palms, suggests a MAT that was at the lower end of existence for both of these groups, perhaps about 14°C. By the late Miocene, there is evidence for significant cooling, both from leaf size and a drop in plant diversity, which resulted in vegetation dominated in many places by Nothofagus.Mike Pole. Queensland Herbarium, Brisbane Botanic Gardens Mt Coot-tha,

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“…The age of this portion of the Manuherikia Group is regarded as Early Miocene (Douglas 1986;Mildenhall 1989). The region's palaeobotany is summarised in Pole (1993). Galaxiid material used for comparisons in the study of this specimen included radiographs of specimens examined by McDowall (1970): G. maculatus (Jenyns), Horokiwi Stream (Wellington); G. argenteus (Gmelin), Mt Hercules Swamp, Whataroa River (South Westland); G. brevipinnis, Otaki River (Wellington); and G. vulgaris, Ashburton River (Canterbury).…”

Section: Materials Examinedmentioning

confidence: 99%

A large galaxiid fossil (Teleostei) from the Miocene of Central Otago, New Zealand

McDowall

Pole

1997

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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Early Miocene flora of the Manuherikia Group, New Zealand. 10. Paleoecology and stratigraphy

Cited by 34 publications

References 87 publications

A new species ofParanephropsWhite, 1842: A fossil freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Parastacidae) from the Manuherikia Group (Miocene), Central Otago, New Zealand

A new species ofParanephropsWhite, 1842: A fossil freshwater crayfish (Decapoda: Parastacidae) from the Manuherikia Group (Miocene), Central Otago, New Zealand

The Miocene climate in New Zealand: Estimates from paleobotanical data

A large galaxiid fossil (Teleostei) from the Miocene of Central Otago, New Zealand

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