Early Mother-Infant Interaction and 24-Hour Patterns of Activity and Sleep

Sander, Louis W.; Stechler, Gerald; Burns, Padraic; Julia, Harry L.

doi:10.1097/00004583-197001000-00006

Cited by 93 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…•fThis interval is measured in the study as "delay time" (11). Delay time operationally defined is correlated with crying time, over days 1 to 10 (r = .834), and both delay time and crying time are significantly greater (P < 0.005) in the nursery condition during this period.…”

Section: Later Effects Of First Ten-day Caretaking Conditions: An Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous 24-Hour Interactional Monitoring in Infants Reared in Two Caretaking Environments

Sander

Julia

Stechler

et al. 1972

Psychosomatic Medicine

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Sixteen infants, comprising two groups of 8 normal neonates each, were reared under one or the other of two different caretaking conditions. Crying, motility and caretaker intervention were monitored for every infant from days 2 to 25 after birth. A monitor variable, "activity-segment time," derived from the continuous record, correlated highly with observed awake time. A significant curvilinear relationship was found for this infant state variable, with highs at the onset and conclusion of the study period regardless of caretaking experience. Differences in rearing environment appear to exert an influence on the degree of day-night differentiation of this variable in the first 10 days of life.In a previous publication (1), a method was described for studying the adaptive process in the neonatal period by means of continuous around-the-clock monitoring of infant activity and caretaking intervention. The institution of a temporal coordination between infant activity and caretaking activity over the 24 hours of the day was illustrated, as well as the use of the method in identifying the day-by-day progress of changes over the first 10 days of life in both infant and caretaking variables. This paper reports a further application of the method over the first 25 days of life as a means of investigating changes in 24-hour distribution of monitor variables correlated with infant sleeping and waking.Essentially the monitor (Figure 1) is a recording bassinet, operating without instrumentation of the baby; it utilizes an Esterline-Angus event recorder moving at 12 inches/hr to record continuously, by separate pens in parallel, several channels of digital inputs. These represent a) small summations of infant activity obtained via an air mattress, strain gauge, amplifier, and integrator system, b) infant crying (occurring while the infant is in the bassinet), c) caretaker's removal of the infant from the bassinet, duration of removal, return of the infant to the bassinet and d) proximity of caretaker to bassinet. Definition of the Variable "ActivitySegment Time"From the record produced (Figure 2), it can be seen that the awakening of an infant from sleep followed by his return to sleep is associated with a sequence of events recorded by the

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Section: Later Effects Of First Ten-day Caretaking Conditions: An Intmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous 24-Hour Interactional Monitoring in Infants Reared in Two Caretaking Environments

Sander

Julia

Stechler

et al. 1972

Psychosomatic Medicine

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“…It therefore seems likely that any observed level of activity is produced by the joint effects of a relatively weak predisposition to a certain level of activity (the positive intercor relation of activity scores obtained in the standard nursery setting allows us to deduce that the predisposition is innate) and methods of handling the infant. S a n d e r et al [8] have recently shown that 2 'foster-mothers' given similar instructions, can produce different levels of crying by 'caretaking differences within the ordinary range'; and it seems very likely that such differences may also be found in activity output. A i n s w o r t h and B e l l [1] have provided analogous results for feeding; the style of caretaking influences the way a child feeds and the 'success' of the regime adopted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motor Activity in Early Life. II. Daily Motor Activity Output in the Neonatal Period

Campbell¹,

Kuyek²,

Lang³

et al. 1971

Neonatology

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“…For the premature infant who remains in the nursery for 1 or 2 months and has a relatively stable set of caretakers, there should be more extensive positive responses. Rhythmic behavior patterns in the infant which may be altered by the caretaker were noted by Sander, et al [4], who described some coordination of temporal organization of wakefulness, motility, crying, etc.…”

Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning

confidence: 93%

Consistent caretakers in the premature nursery

Sugar

1978

Child Psych Hum Dev

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Consistent caretakers for premature neonates in the nursery become involved emotionally with them during their lengthy stay. This is apparent in the mourning reaction they have when the infants are discharged. This should augur well for the infants since the caretakers offer many modes of stimulation necessary to the infants' optimal development. If there is deficient caretakers' involvement, it may contribute to a lag in development or emotional difficulties in the infants. These data suggest that a positive involvement by consistent caretakers may be a decisive contribution to developmental progress in premature infants.

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Early Mother-Infant Interaction and 24-Hour Patterns of Activity and Sleep

Cited by 93 publications

References 1 publication

Continuous 24-Hour Interactional Monitoring in Infants Reared in Two Caretaking Environments

Continuous 24-Hour Interactional Monitoring in Infants Reared in Two Caretaking Environments

Motor Activity in Early Life. II. Daily Motor Activity Output in the Neonatal Period

Consistent caretakers in the premature nursery

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