Early-onset airway damage in early-career elite athletes: A risk factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction

Jonckheere, Anne‐Charlotte; Seys, Sven; Dilissen, Ellen; Schelpe, An‐Sofie; Eycken, Sarah Van der; Corthout, Steffie; Verhalle, Tulasi; Goossens, Janne; Vanbelle, Vincent; Aertgeerts, Sven; Troosters, Thierry; Peers, Koen; Dupont, Lieven; Bullens, Dominique

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.07.014

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, stress induced by intensive training leads to cytokine release from immunocompetent cells. Cytokines, in turn, by influencing hypothalamus function, have a control effect on glucocorticosteroid [39]. It has been proven that some interleukins (IL), such as IL-1 and IL-6, have a potentiating effect on pituitary-hypothalamic and sympathoadrenal system activation, as well as corticotropic hormone production.…”

Section: Peculiarities Of Effort-induced Bronchospasm Pathogenesis In High-school Teenagersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, an important aspect affecting definition of EIB diagnostic methods and criteria in teenagers is the need to differentiate athletes into groups having EIB, those with anamnesis record and those suffering from other respiratory diseases. The diagnostic approaches to detect and verify EIB and bronchial asthma in teenagers actively involved in sports are based on identification of anamnestic data and clinical signs indicating bronchial obstruction on the background of intensive training, as well as the respiration function study and provocative testing [6,39]. Currently, various types of special questionnaires for the people examined are used to identify anamnestic and clinical signs of bronchial obstruction, establish their correlation with physical activity and determine other parameters that enable identifying EIB.…”

Section: Effort-induced Bronchospasm Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effort-induced bronchospasm in athletes: modern views on pathogenesis and diagnosis in high-school teenagers

Mikhailovna¹,

Chebysheva²,

Meleshkina³

et al. 2021

J Adv Pharm Educ Res

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Section: Peculiarities Of Effort-induced Bronchospasm Pathogenesis In High-school Teenagersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effort-induced Bronchospasm Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effort-induced bronchospasm in athletes: modern views on pathogenesis and diagnosis in high-school teenagers

Mikhailovna¹,

Chebysheva²,

Meleshkina³

et al. 2021

J Adv Pharm Educ Res

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“…Prevalence of EIB among young competitors is underestimated, but a few studies report that the incidence of EIB in this group varies from 12% to 38%. Jonckheere AC reports the prevalence of EIB in 33.3% swimmers, 27.3% basketball and 12.8% football players 18 . Among young high school and college athletes in Mexico City, the EIB frequency was set at 7.2%, no differences between male and female sex were observed.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Eib In Young Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breathing Difficulties -- A Problem Among Adolescent Athletes

Malewska-Kaczmarek¹,

Gmachowska²,

Makos³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Adolescent athletes are a particular group requiring special medical attention. Recent literature outlines the growing problem of physical inactivity among young people, exploring various dimensions that may explain lack of physical activity, and potentially relevant interventions and strategies. There is growing evidence that physical inactivity predisposes to the development of asthma. Exercise is one of the most common factors triggering cough, dyspnea, and breathing difficulties in otherwise healthy children. This condition is called exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Symptoms of EIB include cough, wheezes, chest tightness, and dyspnea during or after physical education lessons. The number of adolescents suffering from EIB is underestimated and many athletes remain undiagnosed and untreated. In this article we argue that complexity of diagnosing EIB is greater for adolescent athletes than it is for adults. The purpose of this review is to draw the attention of the medical community to the problem of EIB and asthma symptoms among adolescent athletes. We performed a meta-analysis of these two topics, consulting PubMed and ClinicalKey for the terms: "adolescent athletes", "exercise-induced bronchoconstriction" and "asthma in adolescent athletes". After analysis of the relevant scientific data, the most important facts and issues related to the study group were listed.

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“…Worldwide, different school programmes exist, with the aim of selecting and training future elite athletes already at a young age. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that EIB can already be present early on in the sports career or during adolescence 9 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activation of epithelial and inflammatory pathways in adolescent elite athletes exposed to intense exercise and air pollution

Goossens

Jonckheere

Seys

et al. 2023

Thorax

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RationaleParticipation in high-intensity exercise in early life might act as stressor to the airway barrier.ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of intense exercise and associated exposure to air pollution on the airway barrier in adolescent elite athletes compared with healthy controls and to study exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) in this population.MethodsEarly-career elite athletes attending ‘Flemish-Elite-Sports-Schools’ (12–18 years) of 4 different sport disciplines (n=90) and control subjects (n=25) were recruited. Presence of EIB was tested by the eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation (EVH) test. Markers at mRNA and protein level; RNA-sequencing; carbon load in airway macrophages were studied on induced sputum samples.Results444 genes were differentially expressed in sputum from athletes compared with controls, which were related to inflammation and epithelial cell damage and sputum samples of athletes contained significantly more carbon loaded airway macrophages compared with controls (24%, 95% CI 20% to 36%, p<0.0004). Athletes had significantly higher substance P (13.3 pg/mL, 95% CI 2.0 to 19.2) and calprotectin (1237 ng/mL, 95% CI 531 to 2490) levels as well as IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α mRNA levels compared with controls (p<0.05). The incidence of EIB in athletes was 9%. The maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (%) after EVH test in athletes was significantly associated with prior PM10and PM2.5exposure.ConclusionEarly-career elite athletes showed increased markers of air pollution exposure, epithelial damage and airway inflammation compared with controls. Acute exposure to increased air pollution PM10levels was linked to increased airway hyper-reactivity.Trial registration numberNCT03587675.

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Early-onset airway damage in early-career elite athletes: A risk factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction

Cited by 11 publications

References 24 publications

Effort-induced bronchospasm in athletes: modern views on pathogenesis and diagnosis in high-school teenagers

Effort-induced bronchospasm in athletes: modern views on pathogenesis and diagnosis in high-school teenagers

Breathing Difficulties -- A Problem Among Adolescent Athletes

Activation of epithelial and inflammatory pathways in adolescent elite athletes exposed to intense exercise and air pollution

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