Early Portuguese meteorological measurements (18th century)

Alcoforado, María João; Vaquero, J. M.; Trigo, Ricardo M.; Taborda, João

doi:10.5194/cp-8-353-2012

Cited by 57 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…In effect, the absence of clear long-term trends in Lut2004 is not coherent with the significant changes in radiative forcing throughout the last 400 years and the important role played by these external forcings on temperature variability over western Iberia (Gómez-Navarro et al, 2012). The frequent temporal gaps in the pre-instrumental records and the substantial lack of natural proxies with clear climatic signals in Portugal (Alcoforado et al, 2012;Camuffo et al, 2010;Luterbacher et al, 2006) may partially explain this limitation in the reproduction of the low-frequency variability in the Lut2004 reconstruction. An important loss of low-frequency variance caused by the method used in Lut2004 was also found by von .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In previous studies, temperature in southern Portugal was analysed during the LMM (1675-1715) by Alcoforado et al (2000), and during the eighteenth century by Taborda et al (2004) and Alcoforado et al (2012). In these studies, research was based on documentary evidence, such as diaries, ecclesiastical rogation ceremonies (pro pluvia and pro serenitate), Misericórdias and municipal institutional sources, as well as on early instrumental data.…”

Section: Consistency With Precipitation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A temperature reconstruction for southern Portugal during the late Maunder Minimum (LMM; 1675-1715) was presented by Alcoforado et al (2000). However, in Portugal, most of the pre-instrumental records show numerous temporal gaps and there is a substantial lack of natural proxies with clear climatic signals (Alcoforado et al, 2012;Camuffo et al, 2010;Luterbacher et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Borehole measurements are a complementary temperature record to high-frequency air temperature series recorded at weather stations and, through profile inversion methods, may also enable validating low-frequency variability in these series (e.g. Beltrami and Bourlon, 2004;Beltrami and Mareschal, 1995;Beltrami et al, 2011;Chouinard and Mareschal, 2007;Gouirand et al, 2007;Harris and Chapman, 1998;Harris and Gosnold, 1999;Nielsen and Beck, 1989;Pollack et al, 2006). Some studies have been carried out using borehole temperature logs measured in southern Portugal (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New insights into the reconstructed temperature in Portugal over the last 400 years

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The consistency of an existing reconstructed annual (December-November) temperature series for the Lisbon region (Portugal) from 1600 onwards, based on a European-wide reconstruction, with (1) five local borehole temperature-depth profiles; (2) synthetic temperaturedepth profiles, generated from both reconstructed temperatures and two regional paleoclimate simulations in Portugal; (3) instrumental data sources over the twentieth century; and (4) temperature indices from documentary sources during the late Maunder Minimum (1675-1715) is assessed. The low-frequency variability in the reconstructed temperature in Portugal is not entirely consistent with local borehole temperature-depth profiles and with the simulated response of temperature in two regional paleoclimate simulations driven by reconstructions of various climate forcings. Therefore, the existing reconstructed series is calibrated by adjusting its low-frequency variability to the simulations (first-stage adjustment). The annual reconstructed series is then calibrated in its location and scale parameters, using the instrumental series and a linear regression between them (second-stage adjustment). This calibrated series shows clear footprints of the Maunder and Dalton minima, commonly related to changes in solar activity and explosive volcanic eruptions, and a strong recent-past warming, commonly related to human-driven forcing. Lastly, it is also in overall agreement with annual temperature indices over the late Maunder Minimum in Portugal. The series resulting from this post-reconstruction adjustment can be of foremost relevance to improve the current understanding of the driving mechanisms of climate variability in Portugal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Consistency With Precipitation Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New insights into the reconstructed temperature in Portugal over the last 400 years

et al. 2015

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“…There were hardly any meteorological observations in continental Portugal during the two decades that followed the early ones of the 1770s to the 1790s (Alcoforado, Vaquero, Trigo, & Taborda, 2012). Marino Miguel Franzini's meteorological observations started in December 1815.…”

Section: Climatic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Weather and climate versus mortality in Lisbon (Portugal) since the 19th century

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tA renewed interest on the impacts of climate change has spurred several studies on climate/health relationships. This study aims to detect and explain any changes in the relationships between climate and mortality in Lisbon from 1835 until 2012. The evaluation of mortality seasonal rhythms over time is based on the 100-Index per decades, annual Winter-Summer ratio, as well as other descriptive statistics. A change in the seasonal rhythm of mortality over the last 177 years was found. In the mid-19th century mortality peaked in summer, whereas in the 1890s and the 1900s there was slight monthly variability. On the contrary, a winter maximum has occurred since the 1940s, although a secondary summer peak of mortality may emerge during the most severe heat-waves. Although long term positive temperature trends were confirmed, no systematic positive mortality trends were found in the last three decades. The results suggest that mortality rhythm changes during the 19th and 20th century are not directly related to climatic reasons alone (except in the case of extreme weather events), but rather to improvements in hygienic, sanitary and nutrition conditions and advances in medicine. However, given the possible increase of summer heat waves in the future, and individuals increasing vulnerability, particularly in urban areas, such secondary peaks of mortality will tend to happen more frequently, unless adaptation of populations to hotter conditions takes place and/or measures are taken to protect people from high temperatures.

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Ukrainian early (pre‐1850) historical weather observations

Skrynyk

Luterbacher

Allan

et al. 2020

Geoscience Data Journal

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Early Portuguese meteorological measurements (18th century)

Abstract: Abstract. Natural proxies, documentary evidence and instrumental data are the only sources used to reconstruct past climates. In this paper, we present the 18th century meteo-

Cited by 57 publications

References 65 publications

New insights into the reconstructed temperature in Portugal over the last 400 years

New insights into the reconstructed temperature in Portugal over the last 400 years

Weather and climate versus mortality in Lisbon (Portugal) since the 19th century

Ukrainian early (pre‐1850) historical weather observations

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