Early pregnancy PM2.5 exposure and its inorganic constituents affect fetal growth by interrupting maternal thyroid function

Zhou, Yuhan; Zhu, Qingqing; Wang, Pengpeng; Li, Jialin; Luo, Ranran; Zhao, Wenxuan; Zhang, Liyi; Shi, Huijing; Zhang, Yunhui

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119481

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Our study showed a significant dose–response relationship between PM 2.5 exposure during the first trimester and maternal TSH levels. This association was also observed in a prospective cohort study involving 1060 Chinese pregnant women during early pregnancy . Ilias et al showed a positive correlation between log TSH and PM 2.5 with 293 Greek women in the second or third trimester .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…This association was also observed in a prospective cohort study involving 1060 Chinese pregnant women during early pregnancy. 32 Ilias et al showed a positive correlation between log TSH and PM 2.5 with 293 Greek women in the second or third trimester. 33 Furthermore, Zeng et al showed that maternal exposure to PM 2.5 during pregnancy was positively correlated with abnormal fetal TSH levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Associations of Ambient Particulate Matter with Maternal Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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This prospective birth cohort study evaluated the association of exposure to PM2.5 (diameter ≤2.5 μm), PM1–2.5 (1–2.5 μm), and PM1 (≤1 μm) with maternal thyroid autoimmunity and function during early pregnancy. A total of 15,664 pregnant women were included at 6 to 13+6 gestation weeks in China from 2018 to 2020. Single-pollutant models using generalized linear models (GLMs) showed that each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and PM1–2.5 was related with 6% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01, 1.12) and 15% (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.22) increases in the risk of thyroid autoimmunity, respectively. The odds of thyroid autoimmunity significantly increased with each interquartile range increase in PM2.5 and PM1–2.5 exposure (P for trend <0.001). PM1 exposure was not significantly associated with thyroid autoimmunity. GLM with natural cubic splines demonstrated that increases in PM2.5 and PM1–2.5 exposure were associated with lower maternal FT4 levels, while a negative association between PM1 and FT4 levels was found when exposure exceeded 32.13 μg/m3. Only PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with thyrotropin (TSH) levels. Our findings suggest that high PM exposure is associated with maternal thyroid disruption during the early pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Associations of Ambient Particulate Matter with Maternal Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy

Zhang,

Chen

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Although the mechanisms responsible for the adverse pregnancy outcomes related to air pollution are not elucidated, recent experimental evidence indicates that the placenta is a direct target tissue for air pollution ( 16 , 17 ). It is suggested that oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, inflammatory response, and DNA damage are the main contributors ( 18 , 19 ). The immature metabolism and cellular proliferation period that characterizes the growing fetus is highly vulnerable to pollutants exposure ( 20 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular mechanisms linking to outdoor and indoor air pollution damage during pregnancy

et al. 2023

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Pregnancies are a critical window period for environmental influences over the mother and the offspring. There is a growing body of evidence associating indoor and outdoor air pollution exposure to adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Particulate matter (PM) could trigger oxi-inflammation and could also reach the placenta leading to placental damage with fetal consequences. The combination of strategies such as risk assessment, advise about risks of environmental exposures to pregnant women, together with nutritional strategies and digital solutions to monitor air quality can be effective in mitigating the effects of air pollution during pregnancy.

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“…Maternal exposure to PM can potentially affect the health and well-being of the mother and the developing fetus. Exposure to PM during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as gestational diabetes (Zhang et al 2020 ), fetal growth restriction (Zhou et al 2022b ), and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (Cao et al 2021 ). Investigating the association between PM and thyroid function specifically in pregnant women is important because thyroid hormones play a crucial role in fetal brain development and overall maternal health (Huget‐Penner and Feig 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of hypothyroidism during pregnancy with preconception and early pregnancy exposure to ambient particulate matter

Sun

Chen

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Background Limited research has been conducted on the association between preconception exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) and hypothyroidism. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between preconception PM exposure and hypothyroidism. Methods A retrospective case–control study at China-Japan Friendship Hospital was performed. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and inhalable particulate matter (PM10) were obtained from the China High Air Pollution Dataset. Buffer analysis methods were used to calculate the exposure of pregnant women to PM in a circular area of 250, 500, and 750 m in diameter at preconception and in early pregnancy. Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between PM and hypothyroidism. Odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the effect of PM on the risk of hypothyroidism. Results A total of 3,180 participants were studied, and they comprised 795 hypothyroid patients and 2,385 matched controls. The mean age was 31.01 years (standard deviation: 3.66) in the control group and 31.16 years (standard deviation: 3.71) in the case group. Logistic regression analysis showed that exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 in the 60-day period before the last menstrual period month (LMPM), 30-day period before the LMPM, and LMP, across all distance buffers, was associated with an increased risk of hypothyroidism (all P < 0.05). The most pronounced effect was observed during the LMPM, with PM2.5 (OR: 1.137, 95% CI: 1.096–1.180) and PM10 (OR: 1.098, 95% CI: 1.067–1.130) in the 250-m buffer. Subgroup analysis in the Changping District yielded consistent results with the main analysis. Conclusion Our study shows that preconception PM2.5 and PM10 exposure increases the risk of hypothyroidism during pregnancy.

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Early pregnancy PM2.5 exposure and its inorganic constituents affect fetal growth by interrupting maternal thyroid function

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Associations of Ambient Particulate Matter with Maternal Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy

Associations of Ambient Particulate Matter with Maternal Thyroid Autoimmunity and Thyroid Function in Early Pregnancy

Cellular mechanisms linking to outdoor and indoor air pollution damage during pregnancy

Association of hypothyroidism during pregnancy with preconception and early pregnancy exposure to ambient particulate matter

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