Early Processing of Threat Cues in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder—Evidence for a Cortical Vigilance-Avoidance Reaction

Adenauer, Hannah; Pinösch, Steivan; Catani, Claudia; Gola, Hannah; Keil, Julian; Kißler, Johanna; Neuner, Frank

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.05.015

Cited by 64 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…More intense evaluation of emotional pictures in PTSD has also been reported by Adenauer et al (2010) and Hayes et al (2011). The general finding that emotional significance modulates DF is in line with previous research, but the reported patterns vary.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Memory control in post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence from item method directed forgetting in civil war victims in Northern Uganda

et al. 2011

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Background. Traumatized individuals and particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients are characterized by memory disturbances that suggest altered memory control. The present study investigated the issue using an item method, directed forgetting (DF) paradigm in 51 civil war victims in Uganda. All participants had been exposed to severe traumatic stress and 26 additionally suffered from PTSD. Method.In an item cued, DF paradigm photographs were presented, each followed by an instruction to either remember or forget it. A recognition test for all initially presented photographs and thematically similar distracters followed. DF patterns were compared between the non-PTSD and the PTSD groups. Post-experimental ratings of picture valence and arousal were collected and correlated with DF.Results. Results revealed DF, that is, reduced recognition for ' to-be-forgotten ' items in the non-PTSD but not in the PTSD group. Moreover, in the non-PTSD, but not in the PTSD group, false alarms were reduced for ' to-beremembered ' items. Finally, DF was reduced in those participants who rated the pictures as more arousing, the PTSD group giving, on average, higher arousal ratings.Conclusions. Data indicate that DF is reduced in PTSD and that the reduction is related to stimulus arousal. Furthermore, individuals with PTSD are characterized by a more global encoding style than individuals without PTSD, reflected in a higher false alarm rate. In sum, traumatized individuals with (but not without) PTSD are impaired in their ability to selectively control episodic memory encoding. This impairment may contribute to clinical features of the disorder such as intrusions and flashbacks.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Memory control in post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence from item method directed forgetting in civil war victims in Northern Uganda

et al. 2011

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“…It may be the case that the high intensity of threat associated with traumatic events causes more minor patterns of attentional avoidance to propagate to other cognitive systems and manifest more robustly in the form of dissociation. Evidence from neuroimaging research in PTSD patients lends support this possibility of a biphasic process of initial attentional vigilance toward threats and later threat avoidance (Adenauer et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Perturbed threat monitoring following a traumatic event predicts risk for post-traumatic stress disorder

Naim

Wald

Lior³

et al. 2013

Psychol. Med.

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“…They hypothesized that the early prefrontal increased cortex response represents the enhanced alarm response and the secondary decreased activation of the parieto-occipital areas represented the emotional disengagement common in PTSD patients. 76 …”

Section: Narrative Exposure Therapy (Net)- Innovative Ideas To Treat mentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative Exposure Therapy

Volpe

Quinn

Resch

et al. 2017

Family &Amp; Community Health

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Pregnant and parenting adolescents often experience high rates of intimate partner violence (IPV) and its sequelae posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. Narrative Exposure Therapy (NET) is an innovative intervention that has demonstrated strong preliminary evidence in improving mental health. The specific aims of this article are threefold: a) provide a brief background about IPV-related PTSD and depression among pregnant and parenting adolescents, b) describe NET’s theoretical principals, its therapeutic process, and provide review of existing evidence and c) to discuss NET as a potential treatment to address that mental health burden among adolescents experiencing IPV-related PTSD and depression.

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Early Processing of Threat Cues in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder—Evidence for a Cortical Vigilance-Avoidance Reaction

Cited by 64 publications

References 45 publications

Memory control in post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence from item method directed forgetting in civil war victims in Northern Uganda

Memory control in post-traumatic stress disorder: evidence from item method directed forgetting in civil war victims in Northern Uganda

Perturbed threat monitoring following a traumatic event predicts risk for post-traumatic stress disorder

Narrative Exposure Therapy

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