Early prognosis in severe sepsis via analyzing the monocyte immunophenotype

Abstract

A single blood sample test obtaining the absolute monocyte and CD13-HLADR subpopulation count in the first days of admission could contribute to simplifying the classification of patients with severe sepsis into high- and low-mortality risk.

The anti-inflammatory response dominates after septic shock: association of low monocyte HLA-DR expression and high interleukin-10 concentration

“…It has been described as a predictor of an increased risk for infectious complications in trauma, pancreatitis or surgery [10][11][12][13]. In severe sepsis and septic shock, although previous studies have included a limited number of patients, first results tended to indicate that diminished monocyte HLA-DR may be a good marker regarding mortality prediction [14][15][16][17]. In line, the results of the present study agreed with those preliminary observations.…”

“…Interestingly, the level of monocyte HLA-DR expression is now proposed as a reliable marker of immunoparalysis both to assess its magnitude and its persistence over time [7,9]. In different clinical contexts, low HLA-DR expression predicts septic complications [10][11][12][13] and correlates with an increased risk for fatal outcome [14][15][16][17].…”

A Comparison of Monocyte Counts and Ex Vivo and In Vitro Monocyte Cytokine Production After Major Surgical Trauma

“…In the past, several studies using flow cytometric techniques showed that HLA-DR expression as well as IL-12 and TNF-␣ synthesis by MOs are reduced after different types of trauma [8,11,28,29]. These studies, however, did not simultaneously investigate stimulated whole blood cultures under comparable conditions.…”

Multifactorial risk analysis of bone marrow histiocytic hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis in critically ill medical patients—A postmortem clinicopathologic analysis

“…T-cell infiltrates, but not bone marrow cellularity, may play a key role in the pathogenesis of HHH. Additional studies are necessary to clarify the possible role of the bone marrow microenvironment in the pathogenesis of HHH, to characterize the activation status of macrophages in HHH (33), and to investigate in detail the role of T lymphocytes and their associated cytokine profile (Th1/ Th2-immune response) (34 …”