Early radiographic features in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture

Buckland‐Wright, J. C.; Lynch, J.A.; Dave, B.

doi:10.1136/ard.59.8.641

Cited by 80 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Using macroradiographs, Buckland-Wright et al (29) have recently shown in human tibia that ACL rupture leads to thickening of subchondral horizontal trabeculae in the medial tibial compartment of knees. No significant changes were detected in the lateral compartment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging of normal and osteoarthritic trabecular bone structure in the human knee

Beuf¹,

Ghosh²,

Newitt³

et al. 2002

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To use high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the trabecular bone structure in the distal femur and the proximal tibia and its to correlate the findings with different stages of osteoarthritis (OA) of the human knee.Methods. Axial images of the distal femur and proximal tibia were obtained at 1.5 T in patients without and with mild OA and with severe OA. The spatial resolution was 195 ؋ 195 m 2 with a 1-mm slice thickness. Apparent measures of trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular number (Tb.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) were calculated.Results. Significant differences existed in the trabecular bone structure of the femur and tibia. Differences in trabecular bone structure between the tibia and the femur decreased with the degree of OA. The apparent BV/TV, Tb.N, and Tb.Sp in the femoral condyles could be used to differentiate healthy patients or patients with mild OA from patients with severe OA (P < 0.05). Among individuals, the structural variation of the lateral and medial femoral condyle was indicative of the extent of the disease.Conclusion. High-resolution MRI of the knee joint can provide a noninvasive assessment of trabecular bone structure. Trabecular bone structure, determined by high-resolution MRI, shows significant variation in patients with varying degrees of OA. The impact of OA on trabecular bone is different in the tibia than in the femur, and this difference depends on the extent of the disease.Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial disease characterized by the progressive loss of articular hyaline cartilage and the development of altered joint congruency, subchondral sclerosis, intraosseous cysts, and osteophytes. It affects about 14% of the adult population (1) and is the second most common cause of permanent disability among subjects over the age of 50 years (2). In addition to changes in articular cartilage that occur in OA, it has been suggested that early changes are seen in the adjoining subchondral and trabecular bone (3).In a guinea pig model, Layton et al (4) observed with microscopic computed tomography (CT) that an initial loss of trabecular bone volume fraction and thinning of trabeculae was followed, in the advanced stages of OA, by an increase of trabecular bone volume fraction via eventual thickening of trabeculae. In a canine OA model induced by anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection, Dedrick et al (5) demonstrated an increase in subchondral bone thickness, accompanied by a decrease in trabecular thickness. Using magnification radiographs of humans, Lynch et al (6) showed an increase in the horizontal trabecular thickness of the tibia in early OA, followed by an increase in vertical connectivity of trabeculae in advanced disease. More recently, Buckland-Wright and colleagues (7) showed that the structural changes in the trabecular bone microarchitecture in patients with ACL ruptures are detectable by fractal analysis of radiographs, well before joint space narrowing and other radiologic ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging of normal and osteoarthritic trabecular bone structure in the human knee

Beuf¹,

Ghosh²,

Newitt³

et al. 2002

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…Alterations or a shift in AP translational and IE rotational motion (Blankenvoort et al, 1988) of the knee during dynamic activities could have profound effects on secondary restraints such as the medial meniscus. Clinical reports (Buckland-Wright et al, 2000;Daniel et al, 1994;Lohmander and Roos, 1994;Roos et al, 1995;Scott et al, 1979) of the presence of osteoarthritis of the knee in patients with ACL injury suggest that abnormal motion at the knee could be a cause of degenerative changes. Yet, increased passive clinical laxity based on quantitative measurement has not correlated with clinical outcome (Snyder Mackler et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Interactions between kinematics and loading during walking for the normal and ACL deficient knee

Andriacchi

Dyrby

2005

Journal of Biomechanics

349

249

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“…Degenerative changes are often observed in the medial compartment of the tibiofemoral joint (Fairclough et al 1990, Buckland-Wright et al 2000, Hill et al 2005. Specifically, osteophytes have been noted on the lateral wall of the medial condyle and on the medial tibial spine (Fairclough et al 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

The effects of ACL deficiency on mediolateral translation and varus–valgus rotation

Papannagari

DeFrate

et al. 2007

Acta Orthopaedica

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Background The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) constrains the anterior translation and axial rotation of the tibia. However, the effect of ACL injury on the mediolateral translation and varus-valgus rotation of the tibia is unknown. Because of the oblique orientation of the ACL, we hypothesized that ACL deficiency alters mediolateral translation and varus-valgus rotation.Methods The kinematics of 9 cadavers from full extension to 90° of flexion under various loading conditions were measured before and after ACL resection using a robotic testing system.Results ACL deficiency increased the medial translation of the tibia and valgus rotation, especially at 15° and 30° of flexion. For example, at 15°, ACL deficiency increased the medial translation from 1.2 (SD 0.9) mm to 1.8 (SD 1.1) mm in response to a quadriceps load. The valgus rotation also increased from 0.8° (SD 0.6) to 1.7° (SD 0.8).Interpretation ACL deficiency altered both the mediolateral tibial translation and valgus-varus rotation under various loading conditions. The increased medial tibial translation could shift the contact in the medial compartment towards the medial tibial spine, a region where degeneration is observed in ACL-deficient patients. In addition to restoring anterior laxity, ACL reconstruction might need to restore the mediolateral translation of the tibia and varus-valgus rotation of the knee.

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Early radiographic features in patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture

Cited by 80 publications

References 30 publications

Magnetic resonance imaging of normal and osteoarthritic trabecular bone structure in the human knee

Magnetic resonance imaging of normal and osteoarthritic trabecular bone structure in the human knee

Interactions between kinematics and loading during walking for the normal and ACL deficient knee

The effects of ACL deficiency on mediolateral translation and varus–valgus rotation

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