Early recovery patterns of olfactory disorders in COVID-19 patients; A clinical cohort study

Amer, Mohamed; Elsherif, Hossam S.; Abdelhamid, Ahmed S.; Elzayat, Saad

doi:10.22541/au.159414621.12510552

“…The results of the current study suggest that smoking can adversely affect the recovery time of anosmia ( Table 2 ). Similar effect can be extrapolated from the study of Amer et al [ 42 ] who reported that significant proportion of smoking patients was not recovered within one month from the onset of COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction. This could be attributed to the negative impact of smoking on the regeneration of olfactory epithelium as previously demonstrated in mice [ 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Effect of nasal corticosteroid in the treatment of anosmia due to COVID-19: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study

Rashid

¹

,

Zgair

²

,

Al-Ani

³

2021

American Journal of Otolaryngology

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Objectives Anosmia is a common debilitating symptom of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment of anosmia. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic effect of nasal betamethasone drops in the recovery of olfaction in COVID-19-associated anosmia. Methods The study was designed as a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. In total, 276 PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients who were presented to the outpatient clinic with anosmia were enrolled in the study. In the betamethasone group, 138 participants received nasal drops of betamethasone 3 times daily until recovery for a maximum of one month. Similar dose of 9% NaCl drops was administered to 138 participants in the placebo group. Results The median age of participants was 29 years (IQR 23–37). Among them, 198 (71.7%) were females. Ageusia was co-presented with anosmia in 234 (84.8%) of participants. In this study, 83% of participants had recovered from anosmia within 30 days, with a median recovery time of 13 days (IQR 8–18). Compared to placebo, nasal application of betamethasone drops has no significant effect on the recovery time of anosmia (hazard ratio 0.88; 95% CI 0.68–1.14; P = 0.31). Conclusion The use of nasal betamethasone to facilitate the recovery time of acute anosmia is not advised. In addition, age, smoking status, the duration of anosmia at presentation, and the co-presentation of ageusia with anosmia are important determinant covariates for the recovery time of anosmia. Further clinical trials, which take these covariates into account, will need to be undertaken. The trail has been registered at ClinicalTrails.gov , NCT04569825 .

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“…Our study showed that the mean age of patients was 39. (26); but in the study of Meini et al, that conducted on hospitalized patients, the mean age was 65 ± 15 years, this difference may to be due to the difference in the studied population (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Hopkins et al, reported a 79% recovery rate over the course of a month (30). Amer et al, reported complete and partialOD recovery rate of 96 patients with COVID-19; this rate was 33% and 41% for complete and partial recovery respectively within 11 days, while 25% did not achieve any recovery during one month(26). In a study by Vaira et al, 7.3% of patients still had severe disorders during the two-month follow-up (31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in COVID-19 Patients in Iran: A Prospective Cohort Study

Balajelini

¹

,

Vakili

²

,

Rajabi

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

1

0

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Background: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions (OD and GD) manifested unpredictably in COVID-19 patients. Considering the high prevalence of OD and GD and the importance of the sense of smell and taste in the quality of life, this study aimed to determine the association of some demographic and clinical factors with OD and GD recovery in COVID-19 patients in Iran.Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed on COVID-19 patients with OD and GD during the first and second peak of pandemic in Golestan province, Iran. We used a local health care registry system for data collection. All cases had positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-19 in nose and nasopharynx swab samples. Variables included age, sex, ethnicity, geographical location, time of onset of symptoms, severity of OD and GD (complete or partial). The follow-up time for recovery from OD and GD was six months. Time to recovery for OD and GD was estimated by Kaplan-Meier considering complete recovery as an endpoint. Differences among groups were evaluated using log-rank test and Cox proportional-hazard models as appropriate in SPSS version 16.Results: A total of 242 patients completed the study. The mean age of patients was 39.12±11.89 years. There were 127 (52%) females. After six months, 239 (98.8%) patients had complete OD recovery and 80.9% and 83.56% of patients recovered within the first 30 days following the onset of OD or GD, respectively. The mean time of OD recovery was significantly higher (35.07±4.25 days) in cases infected in the first peak of pandemic than in the second peak (21.65±2.05 days) (p=0.004). This finding also was observed for the recovery time of GD (p=0.005). The mean recovery time of GD was significantly higher in women than men (35.55±4.33 vs. 23.20±2.46 days) (p=0.04). The age (less than 20 years), second peak of epidemic, and partial dysfunction were identified as significant predictors for recovery.Conclusions: COVID-19–related OD and GD had high rate of recovery in the first month from onset of symptoms. Age of patients, severity of OD/GD and infecting in second peak of epidemic might be related to the recovery of OD or GD in patients with COVID-19.

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“…Other studies have shown almost the same ndings as our study, including the study of Gorzkowski et al that reported a mean age of 39.7 ± 13.7 years (23) and the study of Romero-Gameros et al that reported a mean age of patients of 41 ± 13 years (21). In the study of Lechien et al, the mean age of patients was 36.9 ± 11.4 years (24) and in the study of Amer et al the mean age of patients was 34.26 ±11.91 years (26); but in the study of Meini et al, that conducted on hospitalized patients, the mean age was 65 ± 15 years, this difference may to be due to the difference in the studied population (25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Hopkins et al, reported a 79% recovery rate over the course of a month (30). Amer et al, reported complete and partial OD recovery rate of 96 patients with COVID-19; this rate was 33% and 41% for complete and partial recovery respectively within 11 days, while 25% did not achieve any recovery during one month (26). In a study by Vaira et al, 7.3% of patients still had severe disorders during the two-month follow-up (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Recovery of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in COVID-19 Patients in Iran: a Prospective Cohort Study

Balajelini

¹

,

Vakili

²

,

Rajabi

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions (OD and GD) manifested unpredictably in COVID-19 patients. Considering the high prevalence of OD and GD and the importance of the sense of smell and taste in the quality of life, this study aimed to determine the association of some demographic and clinical factors with OD and GD recovery in COVID-19 patients in Iran.Methods: This prospective cohort study was performed on COVID-19 patients with OD and GD during the first and second peak of pandemic in Golestan province, Iran. We used a local health care registry system for data collection. All cases had positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-19 in nose and nasopharynx swab samples. Variables included age, sex, ethnicity, geographical location, time of onset of symptoms, severity of OD and GD (complete or partial). The follow-up time for recovery from OD and GD was six months. Time to recovery for OD and GD was estimated by Kaplan-Meier considering complete recovery as an endpoint. Differences among groups were evaluated using log-rank test and Cox proportional-hazard models as appropriate in SPSS version 16.Results: A total of 242 patients completed the study. The mean age of patients was 39.12±11.89 years. There were 127 (52%) females. After six months, 239 (98.8%) patients had complete OD recovery and 80.9% and 83.56% of patients recovered within the first 30 days following the onset of OD or GD, respectively. The mean time of OD recovery was significantly higher (35.07±4.25 days) in cases infected in the first peak of pandemic than in the second peak (21.65±2.05 days) (p=0.004). This finding also was observed for the recovery time of GD (p=0.005). The mean recovery time of GD was significantly higher in women than men (35.55±4.33 vs. 23.20±2.46 days) (p=0.04). The age (less than 20 years), second peak of epidemic, and partial dysfunction were identified as significant predictors for recovery.Conclusions: COVID-19–related OD and GD had high rate of recovery in the first month from onset of symptoms. Age of patients, severity of OD/GD and infecting in second peak of epidemic might be related to the recovery of OD or GD in patients with COVID-19.

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Early recovery patterns of olfactory disorders in COVID-19 patients; A clinical cohort study

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of nasal corticosteroid in the treatment of anosmia due to COVID-19: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study

Effect of nasal corticosteroid in the treatment of anosmia due to COVID-19: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study

Recovery of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in COVID-19 Patients in Iran: A Prospective Cohort Study

Recovery of Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunctions in COVID-19 Patients in Iran: a Prospective Cohort Study

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