Early responses of wild plant seedlings to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pathogens

Fabbro, Corina Del; Prati, Daniel

doi:10.1016/j.baae.2014.08.004

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Improved growth and seed production of weeds and offsprings due to an inoculation with R. intraradices was reported [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. A positive or neutral response of six ruderal plant species was also found by Del Fabbro and Prati [ 30 ]. Comparing wild plants and cultivated ones, Koide, et al [ 26 ] showed that wild plants might benefit less: although R. intraradices improved the growth of cultivated as well as of wild oats, the benefit in reproduction was larger in cultivated oats and the duration of flowering and lifespan were negatively affected in wild oats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Growth Responses of Three European Weeds on Different AMF Species during Early Development

Säle

Sieverding

Oehl

2022

Plants

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have multiple functions in agroecosystems and affect many processes below- and aboveground, including plant productivity. Mycorrhizal symbiosis is not necessarily beneficial for the host plant and the growth response can be not only positive but also neutral or negative. Among other factors, the responsiveness of plants to AMF depends on the plant-fungus combination. To find out whether the AMF species or isolate is a decisive factor for growth responses of weeds, 44 AMF isolates were tested in a pot experiment for their effects on three agricultural weeds: Echinochloa crus-galli, Solanum nigrum and Papaver rhoeas. The 44 isolates cover 18 AMF species from 13 genera and all 5 orders of the Glomeromycota. The aboveground biomass of the weeds was determined after different times of growth of each weed. In most cases, the effects of AMF isolates on weed growth were negative or neutral. We conclude that some weed species do not benefit from AMF in terms of growth. AMF species can even cause negative growth responses, an effect that may be of practical interest for organic farming where the aim is to obtain a high diversity and concentration of native AMF for the benefit of the cultivated crops without increasing the labor for mechanical weeding.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Growth Responses of Three European Weeds on Different AMF Species during Early Development

Säle

Sieverding

Oehl

2022

Plants

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“…For example, we know that the presence of AMF can alter plant resistance to root pathogens, with specific AMF species assemblages conferring enhanced resistance (Sikes et al, 2009;Sikes, 2010). AMF can also affect above-ground interactions by altering plant resistance to above-ground herbivores and/or their predators (Borowicz, 1997;Gange et al, 2003;Hempel et al, 2009;Koricheva et al, 2009;Vannette & Hunter, 2011;Jung et al, 2012;Barber et al, 2013;Del Fabbro & Prati, 2014), altering plant attractiveness to pollinators (Gange & Smith, 2005;Wolfe et al, 2005;Barber et al, 2013;Barber & Soper Gorden, 2014), and causing changes in the composition of the surrounding plant community (van der Heijden et al, 1998a,b). Moreover, these interactions are mediated by the identity of the AMF species (van der Heijden et al, 1998a;Varga & Kyt€ oviita, 2010;Barber et al, 2013).…”

Section: Moving Towards a Predictive Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of genome duplications in a community context

Segraves

2017

New Phytologist

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Contents 57I.57II.59III.59IV.63V.64VI.64VII.6666References66 Summary Whole‐genome duplication (WGD), or polyploidy, has important effects on the genotype and phenotype of plants, potentially altering ecological interactions with other organisms. Even though the connections between polyploidy and species interactions have been recognized for some time, we are only just beginning to test whether WGD affects community context. Here I review the sparse information on polyploidy and community context and then present a set of hypotheses for future work. Thus far, community‐level studies of polyploids suggest an array of outcomes, from no changes in community context to shifts in the abundance and composition of interacting species. I propose a number of mechanisms for how WGD could alter community context and how the emergence of polyploids in populations could also alter the community context of parental diploids and other plant species. Resolving how and when these changes are expected to occur will require a deeper understanding of the connections among WGD, phenotypic changes, and the direct and indirect effects of species interactions.

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“…The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis brings several benefits for the plant. The AMF facilitate plant nutrition in providing soil nutrients, notably P and N (Smith and Read, 2008) and can mitigate abiotic stresses, such as drought (da Silva Folli-Pereira et al, 2013;Begum et al, 2019), and protect plant roots against soil-borne pathogen attacks (St-Arnaud and Vujanovic, 2007;Lewandowski et al, 2013;Del Fabbro and Prati, 2014). The association of crop plants with AMF often increases crop yield (Hijri, 2016;Séry et al, 2016;Buczkowska and Sałata, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Persistence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere and Bulk Soils of Non-host Brassica napus and Their Networks of Co-occurring Microbes

et al. 2022

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate plant symbionts that improve the nutrition and health of their host. Most, but not all the crops form a symbiosis with AMF. It is the case for canola (Brassica napus), an important crop in the Canadian Prairies that is known to not form this association. From 2008 to 2018, an experiment was replicated at three locations of the Canadian Prairies and it was used to assess the impact of canola on the community of AMF naturally occurring in three cropping systems, canola monoculture, or canola in two different rotation systems (2-years, canola-wheat and 3-years, barley-pea-canola). We sampled canola rhizosphere and bulk soils to: (i) determine diversity and community structure of AMF, we expected that canola will negatively impact AMF communities in function of its frequency in crop rotations and (ii) wanted to assess how these AMF communities interact with other fungi and bacteria. We detected 49 AMF amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) in canola rhizosphere and bulk soils, confirming the persistence of a diversified AMF community in canola-planted soil, even after 10 years of canola monoculture, which was unexpected considering that canola is among non-mycorrhizal plants. Network analysis revealed a broad range of potential interactions between canola-associated AMF and some fungal and bacterial taxa. We report for the first time that two AMF, Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus iranicus, shared their bacterial cohort almost entirely in bulk soil. Our results suggest the existence of non-species-specific AMF-bacteria or AMF-fungi relationships that could benefit AMF in absence of host plants. The persistence of an AMF community in canola rhizosphere and bulk soils brings a new light on AMF ecology and leads to new perspectives for further studies about AMF and soil microbes interactions and AMF subsistence without mycotrophic host plants.

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Early responses of wild plant seedlings to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pathogens

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

Growth Responses of Three European Weeds on Different AMF Species during Early Development

Growth Responses of Three European Weeds on Different AMF Species during Early Development

The effects of genome duplications in a community context

Long-Term Persistence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere and Bulk Soils of Non-host Brassica napus and Their Networks of Co-occurring Microbes

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