Early Resumption of Sexual Intercourse after First Childbirth and Unintended Pregnancy within Six Months

Knutson, Alex J.; Boyd, Sarah S.; Long, Jaime B.; Kjerulff, Kristen H.

doi:10.1016/j.whi.2021.09.002

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We categorized return of menses as < 6 months and ≥ 6 months after; this is because return of menses between birth and 6 months would indicate early return of menses especially for the women who are not exclusively breastfeeding [ 14 ]. We categorized resumption of coitus as < 1 month and ≥ 1 month postpartum; this is because initiation of coitus < 1 months postpartum is considered early resumption [ 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short interbirth interval and associated factors among women with antecedent cesarean deliveries at a tertiary hospital, Southwestern Uganda

Byamukama

Migisha

Kalyebara

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background Women with previous cesarean deliveries, have a heightened risk of poor maternal and perinatal outcomes, associated with short interbirth intervals. We determined the prevalence of short interbirth interval, and associated factors, among women with antecedent cesarean deliveries who delivered at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH), in southwestern Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study on the postnatal ward of MRRH from November 2020 to February 2021. We enrolled women who had antecedent cesarean deliveries through consecutive sampling. We obtained participants’ socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics through interviewer-administered structured questionnaires. We defined short interbirth interval as an interval between two successive births of < 33 months. Modified Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with short interbirth intervals. Results Of 440 participants enrolled, most had used postpartum family planning (PPFP) prior to the current pregnancy (67.5%), and most of the pregnancies (57.2%) were planned. The mean age of the participants was 27.6 ± 5.0 years. Of the 440 women, 147 had a short interbirth interval, for a prevalence of 33% (95%CI: 29–38%). In multivariable analysis, non-use of PPFP (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 2.24; 95%CI: 1.57–3.20, P < 0.001), delivery of a still birth at an antecedent delivery (aPR = 3.95; 95%CI: 1.43–10.9, P = 0.008), unplanned pregnancy (aPR = 3.59; 95%CI: 2.35–5.49, P < 0.001), and young maternal age (aPR = 0.25 for < 20 years vs 20–34 years; 95%CI: 0.10–0.64, P = 0.004), were the factors significantly associated with short interbirth interval. Conclusion One out of every three womenwith antecedent caesarean delivery had a short interbirth interval. Short interbirth intervals were more common among women with history of still births, those who did not use postpartum family planning methods, and those whose pregnancies were unplanned, compared to their counterparts. Young mothers (< 20 years) were less likely to have short interbirth intervals compared to those who were 20 years or older. Efforts should be made to strengthen and scale up child-spacing programs targeting women with previous cesarean deliveries, given the high frequency of short interbirth intervals in this study population.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short interbirth interval and associated factors among women with antecedent cesarean deliveries at a tertiary hospital, Southwestern Uganda

Byamukama

Migisha

Kalyebara

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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“…Our findings reported that women who were above 18 years of age at the time of their first birth presented lower odds of unintended pregnancies compared to their counterparts. Usually, mothers aged more than18 years are likely to be more aware about sexual and reproductive health whereas under 18 mothers have inadequate understanding in this domain and are more likely to experience unintended pregnancies within the 6 months of first childbirth [28]. Also, mothers facing unmet need of contraception were more likely to go through unintended pregnancies than the mothers whose need for contraception were fulfilled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among Bangladeshi women from 2007 to 2018: A comparative analysis of multiple Demographic Health Surveys

Karim,

Khan,

Chowdhury

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundUnintended pregnancy is a global challenge, particularly prevalent in developing regions, with significant negative impacts on women’s health and well-being. Bangladesh has made progress in fertility decline but still faces challenges due to high rates of unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and limited contraceptive use.MethodsThe analysis utilized secondary data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys (BDHS) conducted in 2007, 2011, 2014, and 2017-18. The surveys employed a nationally representative sampling frame using a two-stage sampling technique, covering residential households across Bangladesh. The study included 28042 ever-married women aged 15-49 from the four surveys. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests examined the relationships between the explanatory and dependent variables. Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the adjusted effects of the selected factors, presenting the results as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Stata 15 software was used for data analysis, with (p < 0.05) considered statistically significant.ResultsThe percentage of unintended pregnancies decreased from 29% in 2007 to 21% in 2017-18. Mothers aged 20-29 years had lower likelihood of unintended pregnancy (OR: 0.73-0.81), compared to aged 30 years and above (OR: 1.40). Mothers with secondary education were more likely to have unintended pregnancy in 2007 (OR: 1.28), but less likely in 2011 (OR: 0.75). Employed mothers had higher likelihood of unintended pregnancy (OR: 1.19-1.31), while Muslim mothers had higher likelihood in 2011 and 2014 (OR: 1.33-1.53), but lower likelihood in 2017-18 (OR: 0.73). Unmet need for contraception was consistently associated with higher odds of unintended pregnancy (OR: 2.12-3.94).ConclusionUnintended pregnancies in Bangladesh have decreased over the past decade, but still pose challenges for women’s reproductive health. Targeted efforts are needed to address factors such as poverty, education, contraception access, and cultural norms to further reduce unintended pregnancies and improve maternal and child well-being.

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Determinants of early resumption of postpartum sexual intercourse in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Belay,

Yehuala,

Asmer Getie

et al. 2024

Womens Health (Lond Engl)

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Background: The World Health Organization recommends that all postpartum women be examined for resumed sexual activity. Despite this, postpartum sexual health education and health promotion are not adequately incorporated into current maternal healthcare systems in low- and middle-income nations. There were variations in the prevalence and variables associated with early postpartum sexual intercourse across several studies. Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the pooled prevalence and associated factors for early postpartum sexual intercourse in sub-Saharan African countries. Data Sources and Methods: Primary studies were identified using international databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and CINAHL. The Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality and strength of the included studies. STATA version 17 was used for the meta-analysis. The heterogeneity of the studies and publication bias was examined using I2 statistics and Egger’s regression test. Subgroup analysis decreased the underlying heterogeneity based on the study years and sample sizes. Results: Seventeen primary articles were included in the meta-analysis with 8507 study participants. The pooled prevalence of early postpartum sexual resumption in sub-Saharan Africa was 39.41% (95% CI: 31.55%–47.27%). Primiparous (OR = 3.32; 95% CI: 2.26–5.90), spontaneous vaginal delivery (OR = 5.98; 95% CI: 1.74–20.51), formula feeding (OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.46–3.44), family planning (OR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.89–4.49), husband pressure (OR = 4.99; 95% CI: 1.38–18.05), have no formal education (OR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.49–3.76), and monogamy (OR = 4.18; 95% CI: 2.27–7.69) were significantly associated with early postpartum sexual resumption. Conclusion: Four out of 10 women had returned to sexual activity within 6 weeks of giving birth. This suggests that a large proportion of women are more vulnerable to unwanted pregnancies and sexual health problems. Sexual health education and counseling should be incorporated into standard postpartum care to increase contraceptive use and delay unplanned pregnancies.

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Early Resumption of Sexual Intercourse after First Childbirth and Unintended Pregnancy within Six Months

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Short interbirth interval and associated factors among women with antecedent cesarean deliveries at a tertiary hospital, Southwestern Uganda

Short interbirth interval and associated factors among women with antecedent cesarean deliveries at a tertiary hospital, Southwestern Uganda

Trends in prevalence and determinants of unintended pregnancy among Bangladeshi women from 2007 to 2018: A comparative analysis of multiple Demographic Health Surveys

Determinants of early resumption of postpartum sexual intercourse in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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