Early rodent incisor enamel evolution: Phylogenetic implications

Variance of molecular datings, evolution of rodents and the phylogenetic affinities between Ctenodactylidae and Hystricognathi

“…McKenna & Bell 1997, p.187;Hartenberger 1998), and possess incisors with a plesiomorphic pauciserial enamel (Martin 1993). A transitional state from pauciserial to multiserial microstructure is then evidenced in Middle Eocene (49^37 Myr) fossils (Martin 1993). The study of extant rodents show that Ctenodactylidae share a derived multiserial enamel with Hystricognathi and Pedetidae, whereas all other families display a uniserial enamel.…”

“…The study of extant rodents show that Ctenodactylidae share a derived multiserial enamel with Hystricognathi and Pedetidae, whereas all other families display a uniserial enamel. Hystricognathi and Pedetidae might therefore branch within Ctenodactyloidea (Martin 1993(Martin , 1995; but see Flynn et al 1986;Bryant & McKenna 1995;Wang 1997). However, vWF topologies clustering Pedetidae with either Ctenodactylidae or Hystricognathi are always signi¢cantly rejected (p K^H 5 3.6% for DNA; p K^H 5 6.6% for protein).…”

“…Despite the fact that Ctenodactylidae display the sciurognath state, extant taxa have been brought together with either Hystricognathi (e.g. porcupines, chinchillas, guinea-pigs) (Bryant & McKenna 1995), or Hystricognathi+Pedetidae (springhares) (Flynn et al 1986;Martin 1993Martin , 1995. Molecular data do not help to clarify the phylogenetic status of gundis, especially because Pedetidae and Ctenodactylidae have never been studied together (e.g.…”

Character transformations and their functional significance as a key to the evolution of hystricognath Rodentia

“…The inner layer, con sisting of the Hun ter-Schre ger bands (HSB) with layers of crystalline prisms among an interprismatic ma trix (IPM), dif fers among rodents (Mar tin 1999). Hys tri co gnathi, Cteno dactylidae and Pe de tidae have mul ti se ri al HSB with an angular arran ge ment of the IPM to the prism long axes (Martin 1993(Martin , 1994. This condition is re gard ed as an adaptation that streng thens the enamel and provides a higher wear resistance (Pfre t z schner 1988).…”

Enamel ultrastructure of molars in †Anomalomys gaillardi and some spalacid taxa (Rodentia, Mammalia)

“…Since the second half of the twentieth century, a number of publications have been devoted to studies of the enamel ultrastructure of teeth of vertebrates, mainly mammals (von Koenigswald, 1980(von Koenigswald, , 1997a(von Koenigswald, , 1997bMartin, 1993Martin, , 1997Kalthoff, 2000;Rekovets et al, 2015). Extinct and recent voles, hamsters, beavers (Rodentia), pikas, hares (Lagomorpha), bats (Chiroptera), wolves, foxes (Carnivora), as well as whales and dolphins (Cetacea) are the most studied groups so far in this aspect (von Koenigswald and Martin, 1984;Stefen, 1999;von Koenigswald and Mörs, 2001;Martin, 2004;Rekovets and Nowakowski, 2013;Loch et al, 2015;Rabiniak et al, 2017).…”