Early seeding dates improve oat yield and quality in the eastern prairies

May, William E.; Mohr, Ramona M.; Lafond, G. P.; Johnston, Adrian; Stevenson, F. Craig

doi:10.4141/p02-157

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Browne et al (2006) deduced that oat yield can vary with increasing rates of N, while mean grain weight remains relatively stable due to changes in number of panicles per square metre and number of grains per panicle. Grains per panicle has been identified as being associated strongly with cultivar (May et al 2004b). The number of panicles per square metre varied somewhat among cultivars of oat depending on location (Table 5), although the cultivar with the greatest number of productive tillers per unit area did not necessarily have a yield advantage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and quality of oat in response to varying rates of swine slurry

Buckley¹,

Mohr²,

Therrien³

2010

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2010. Yield and quality of oat in response to varying rates of swine slurry. Can. J. Plant Sci. 90: 645Á653. An experiment was conducted at two locations in southern Manitoba in 2001 and 2002 to assess the effect of multiple rates of spring-applied swine slurry on seed yield, kernel quality, dry matter accumulation, protein concentration and lodging response of three adapted oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivars: AC Medallion, AC Ronald and AC Assiniboia. Treatments included three rates of swine slurry, an unfertilized check and an inorganic fertilizer treatment at the recommended N rate. In spite of the nutrient variability in swine slurry, oat grain and dry matter yield remained largely unresponsive to increases in slurry rate except when residual soil nutrients were very low. Thousand kernel weight and percentage of plump kernels appeared to be affected more by environment and cultivar than by slurry rate. High rates of swine slurry did not result in high crude protein concentrations in grain or dry matter and may, under some environmental conditions, decrease protein concentrations. The data suggest that few differences exist between oat cultivars in response to the use of swine slurry as a fertilizer. The inconsistent response to slurry application indicates that oat may not be the ideal crop to use in the year of slurry application but may respond well to residual nutrients from nutrients applied in the prior year. Il peut meˆme re´duire la concentration de prote´ines dans certaines conditions. Les re´sultats laissent croire que les cultivars d'avoine fluctuent peu en ce qui concerne leur re´action a`l'usage du lisier de porc comme engrais. La re´action incohe´rente a`l'application du lisier indique que l'avoine pourrait ne pas eˆtre la plante ide´ale a`cultiver l'anne´e ou`on e´pand du lisier, mais qu'elle pourrait bien re´agir aux e´le´ments nutritifs re´siduels l'anne´e subse´quente.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yield and quality of oat in response to varying rates of swine slurry

Buckley¹,

Mohr²,

Therrien³

2010

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Lodging is a concern in oat as it has the potential both to slow harvest of the crop, and to reduce yield and quality. Declines in oat quality parameters including kernel weight, test weight and groat yield have been associated with increased lodging, particularly with laterseeded oat crops (May et al 2004a). …”

Section: Crop Lodgingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas the specific set of quality parameters required to achieve a highquality oat varies depending upon the market (e.g., whether for human consumption or horse feed), higher test weights and kernel plumpness are two factors that may garner price premiums (May et al 2004a). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of various rates and combinations of N, P and KCl fertilizers on the yield and quality of oat grown in Manitoba.…”

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The influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer application on oat yield and quality

Mohr¹,

Grant²,

May³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2007. The influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer application on oat yield and quality. Can. J. Soil Sci. 87: 459-468. Western Canada has become one of the key production areas for oat (Avena sativa L.) in North America. Limited information is available regarding fertilizer management strategies to optimize yield and quality in this environment. An experiment was conducted at two locations in southern Manitoba in 2000, 2001 and 2002 to assess the impact of factorial combinations of N (0, 40, 80, 120 kg N ha -1 as urea), P (0, 13, 26 kg P ha -1 as monoammonium phosphate), and KCl (0, 33 kg K ha -1 ) on the growth, yield and quality of AC Assiniboia oat. Low to moderate N rates significantly increased yield, with optimum relative yield achieved with a plant-available N supply of approximately 100 kg N ha -1 . Increasing N rate also increased lodging and reduced test weight, kernel weight and kernel plumpness, suggesting that optimal N management must balance yield improvement against reductions in grain quality. Phosphorus application increased yield in 2 of 6 site-years, but had no overall effect on quality. Application of KCl resulted in small increases in yield (88 kg ha -1 ), kernel weight and kernel plumpness on moderate to high K soils, which were not likely to provide a significant economic benefit. The lack of consistent interactions among N, P, and KCl suggests that these nutrients may be managed individually. Une application faible ou moyenne d'engrais N augmente sensiblement le rendement, les meilleurs résultats étant obtenus avec un apport d'environ 100 kg par hectare de N assimilable par la plante. Augmenter le taux d'application de N accroît aussi la verse et diminue le poids spécifique, le poids d'amandes et la rondeur du grain, signe qu'une gestion optimale du N suppose un compromis entre la hausse du rendement et une perte au niveau de la qualité du grain. Les applications d'engrais phosphaté ont accru le rendement deux années-sites sur six, sans incidence sur la qualité. Celles de KCl engendrent une légère hausse du rendement (88 kg par hectare), du poids d'amandes et de la rondeur du grain sur les sols dont la teneur en K variait de moyenne à élevée, ce qui ne devrait pas aboutir à un véritable avantage économique. L'absence d'interactions conséquentes entre le N, le P et le KCl laisse croire qu'on peut gérer ces éléments nutritifs séparément.

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“…Oat grain yield usually declines when seeding is delayed after the middle or end of May in western Canada. May et al (2004a) found that delaying seeding until the middle of June compared with the beginning of May resulted in an average yield loss of 43%. The largest yield losses associated with delayed seeding came in oat varieties that were susceptible to the plant pathogen crown rust (Puccina coronata Corda f. sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to yield reductions caused by delayed seeding, quality reductions also occur. May et al (2004a) noted that kernel weight, test weight and plump seed all declined as seeding was delayed into June. These oat physical quality metrics are important in the selection of milling oat.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in tame oat (Avena sativa L.) with early seeding dates and high seeding rates

May¹,

Shirtliffe²,

McAndrew³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in tame oat (Avena sativa L.) with early seeding dates and high seeding rates. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 763Á773. Traditionally, farmers have delayed seeding to manage wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in tame oat (Avena sativa L.) crops, but this practice can adversely affect grain yield and quality. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the effectiveness of using high seeding rates with early-seeded oat to maintain grain yield and quality, and (2) to determine an optimum seeding rate to manage wild oat and maximize grain yield and quality. The factors of interest were wild oat density (low and high density), seeding date (early May, mid May, early June and mid June), and tame oat seeding rate (150, 250, 350 and 450 viable seeds m (2 ). The study was conducted at Indian Head and Saskatoon, SK, in 2002, 2003and 2004, at Winnipeg, MB, in 2002, and at Morden, MB, in 2003and 2004. Wild oat biomass, wild oat panicle density and wild oat seed in the harvested sample decreased as seeding rate increased, while tame oat biomass and grain yield increased. Wild oat density ranged between 0 and 100 plants m (2 with averages of 10 plants m (2 in the low density treatment and 27 plants m (2 in the high density treatment. At low seeding rates, grain yield decreased with increasing wild oat density. The difference in grain yield between the two wild oat densities decreased as the seeding rate increased. There was a curvilinear decrease in grain yield as seeding was delayed. A seeding date )seeding rate interaction was noted for test weight, plump seed, thin seed and groat yield. Seed quality improved as seeding rate increased for only the mid-June seeding date. Even though the mid-June test weight increased as the seeding rate increased it was always lower than the early May test weight at any seeding rate. The results from this study established that in the presence of wild oats, early seeding of tame oat is possible providing high seeding rates, 350 plants m (2 , are used. . La biomasse, la densite´des panicules et le nombre de semences de folle avoine dans l'e´chantillon diminuent quand la densite´de semis augmente; paralle`lement, on note une hausse de la biomasse et du rendement grainier de l'avoine. La densite´de peuplement de la folle avoine varie de 0 a`100 plants au m 2 , avec une moyenne de 10 plants au m 2 pour le traitement a`faible densite´et de 27 plants au m 2 pour celui a`densite´e´leve´e. À une faible densite´de semis, le rendement grainier diminue quand augmente la densite´de peuplement de la folle avoine. L'e´cart entre le rendement grainier aux deux densite´s de peuplement de la folle avoine se re´tre´cit avec l'augmentation de la densited es semis. Retarder les semis entraıˆne une diminution curviline´aire du rendement grainier. Les auteurs ont observe´une interaction entre la date des semis et la densite´de semis pour le poids spe´cifique, la proportion de grains ventrus, la proportion de grains minces et le rendement en gruau. La qualite´des semences s'ame´liore avec la hau...

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Early seeding dates improve oat yield and quality in the eastern prairies

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Yield and quality of oat in response to varying rates of swine slurry

Yield and quality of oat in response to varying rates of swine slurry

The influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash fertilizer application on oat yield and quality

Management of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in tame oat (Avena sativa L.) with early seeding dates and high seeding rates

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