Early sex change: A possible mating strategy ofCentropyge angelfishes (Pisces: Pomacanthidae)

Moyer, Jack T.; Zaiser, Martha J.

doi:10.1007/bf02348208

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Loss of a well-defined size hierarchy then appears to destabilize the group overall, as groups with closely sized ranks were more likely to undergo fission during our study period. Harem fission has been previously observed in C. bicolor (Aldenhoven 1984) and several other haremic fishes (Robertson 1974;Moyer & Zaiser 1984;Lutnesky 1994;Sakai 1997). We note that although spatial segregation may cause instability for the group, the individuals concerned might benefit from fission: lowranking females move up in rank and size, while high-ranking females may ascend to the dominant male position significantly sooner (albeit with a smaller number of subordinate females to mate with), in addition to saving the energetic costs associated with aggressive coercion of oft-encountered relatively large subordinates.…”

Section: Discussion (A) Aggression As a Stabilizing Signal Of Conflicmentioning

confidence: 72%

Aggression, segregation and stability in a dominance hierarchy

Ang

Manica

2010

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Central to our understanding of social group formation and maintenance is the question of how withingroup conflict resolution is achieved in the face of asymmetrical competition over resources and reproduction. A crucial yet implicit assumption of many conflict resolution models dealing with reproductive skew is that subordinates have perfect knowledge of the extent of conflict between themselves and their dominants, enabling behavioural responses on an individual rather than evolutionary scale. However, a mechanism enabling subordinates to accurately assess their relative conflict levels has yet to be empirically demonstrated. Here, we show in the angelfish Centropyge bicolor that the rate of overt mild aggression from dominants to subordinates acts as a signal of increasing rank conflict. The clarity of this signal can be reduced by spatial segregation, causing subordinates to be less able to respond appropriately by regulation of their foraging rates. A reduced signal ultimately leads to a less well-defined dominance hierarchy and destabilization of the social group. Our study suggests that, contrary to previous suggestions, dominant aggression rates play a crucial role as an accurate information signal required for the evolutionary stability of skew models.

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Section: Discussion (A) Aggression As a Stabilizing Signal Of Conflicmentioning

confidence: 72%

Aggression, segregation and stability in a dominance hierarchy

Ang

Manica

2010

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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“…Early and late sex change Females sometimes change sex at a size where they appear to have little chance of breeding as a male (early sex change) and thus experience no immediate gain in reproductive success [38,39]. Early sex change might be a viable alternative strategy if non-reproductives have decreased mortality rates or increased growth rates [7], so that a small decrease in current reproductive success results in a much larger gain in RV.…”

Section: No Sex Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and flexibility of sex-change strategies in animals

Munday

Buston

Warner

2006

Trends in Ecology & Evolution

336

337

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Here, we review recent empirical advances that have improved our understanding of why and when sex change occurs. We show that sex-changing animals use a greater diversity of strategies to increase their reproductive success than was previously recognized: some individuals change sex early, others change sex late, some individuals change sex more than once, and others do not change sex at all. These different strategies can be unified by the principle that individuals change sex when it increases their reproductive value. The breeding tactics (male, female or non-breeder) adopted by individuals often appear to be adaptive responses to their own social-ecological context and variation in these conditions results in significant differences in the timing of sex change within and between species.

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“…Since single dominant males of such species can mate with almost all females within their territories (e.g. Neudecker & Lobe1 1982, Kuwamura 1984, Moyer 1984, Nakazono et al 1985, Donaldson 1990), defence of the territories enable males to maximize mating success (Moyer & Zaiser 1984, Thresher 1984, Moyer 1987. Males thus should spend more time protecting territories and maintaining social dominance over females, and less time foraging than do females (Hixon 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foraging activities and diets of males and females in a haremic sandperch (Pisces: Pinguipedidae)

Sano¹

1993

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Activity time allocations and diets of males and females in the pinguipedid fish Parapercis polyophthalma, which has haremic social groups dominated by single territorial males, were examined in shallow sandy areas at Iriomote Island, one of the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. During the day, males spent much less time foraging and more time engaging in social activities than did females, and actively patrolled the borders of their territories. Females, on the other hand, allocated most of their time to foraging and resting. The mean number of feeding bites taken during a 15 min observation per fish was ca 3 times greater in females than in males, although both sexes fed in the same places of sand and sandy rubble. These behavioral patterns demonstrated that males tend to be foraging-time rninimizers, while females tend to be foraging-time maximizers. Despite the sex difference in feeding behavior, both sexes had similar diets consisting mainly of decapod crustaceans, including portunid crabs and alpheid shrimps. The high dietary overlap between foraging-time minimizers and maxmizers sharing the same habitat and morphology can be explained using optimal foraging theory.

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Early sex change: A possible mating strategy ofCentropyge angelfishes (Pisces: Pomacanthidae)

Cited by 45 publications

References 9 publications

Aggression, segregation and stability in a dominance hierarchy

Aggression, segregation and stability in a dominance hierarchy

Diversity and flexibility of sex-change strategies in animals

Foraging activities and diets of males and females in a haremic sandperch (Pisces: Pinguipedidae)

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