Early signs of autism in infants whose mothers suffered from a threatened preterm labour: a 30-month prospective follow-up study

Ghosn, Farah; Navalón, Pablo; Pina‐Camacho, Laura; Almansa, Belén; Sahuquillo-Leal, Rosa; Moreno-Giménez, Alba; Diago, Vicente; Vento, Máximo; García‐Blanco, Ana

doi:10.1007/s00787-021-01749-y

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This finding suggests that an episode of TPL may be a key point involved in the deleterious effect of prematurity on neurodevelopment, and it may alter the course of pregnancy even in at-term children [ 6 ]. Similarly, other studies have found that TPL is involved in impaired neurodevelopmental trajectories, even if birth occurred at term [ 10 – 12 ]. In addition, unlike previous studies [ 30 ], we did not find higher symptomatic severity in very-preterm children compared to the rest of TPL children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…It has been found that infants born at term after a TPL have shown higher risk for impaired cognitive development [ 10 ]. Similarly, it has been demonstrated that, independent of prematurity, children born after a TPL have shown psychomotor and temperamental alterations [ 11 ], as well as higher autistic symptom load [ 12 ]. Hence, children born after a TPL may conform a population “at-risk” for developing another neurodevelopmental disorder such as ADHD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperamental and psychomotor predictors of ADHD symptoms in children born after a threatened preterm labour: a 6-year follow-up study

Navalón

Ghosn

Ferrín

et al. 2022

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Children born after threatened preterm labour (TPL), regardless of whether it ends in preterm birth, may represent an undescribed “ADHD cluster”. The aim of this cohort study is to identify early temperament and psychomotor manifestations and risk factors of TPL children who present ADHD symptoms. One hundred and seventeen mother–child pairs were followed from TPL diagnosis until the child’s 6 years of life. TPL children were divided according to the prematurity status into three groups: full-term TPL (n = 26), late-preterm TPL (n = 53), and very-preterm TPL (n = 38). A non-TPL group (n = 50) served as control. Temperament and psychomotor development at age 6 months and ADHD symptoms at age 6 years were assessed. Perinatal and psychosocial factors were also recorded. All TPL groups showed higher severity of ADHD symptoms compared with non-TPL children (difference in means + 4.19 for the full-term group, + 3.64 for the late-preterm group, and + 4.99 for the very-preterm group, all ps < 0.021). Concretely, very-preterm and late-preterm TPL children showed higher restless/impulsive behaviours, whereas full-term TPL children showed higher emotional lability behaviours. Higher surgency/extraversion and delayed fine motor skills at age 6 months predicted ADHD symptoms at 6 years in TPL children. Male sex, maternal state anxiety symptoms at TPL diagnosis, low parental education, and past maternal experience of traumatic events predicted higher ADHD symptoms in TPL children. Therefore, TPL children may have a higher risk for developing ADHD symptoms, presenting a phenotype that depends on the prematurity status. Moreover, the specific combination of early manifestations and risk factors suggests that TPL children may conform an undescribed group at-risk of ADHD symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperamental and psychomotor predictors of ADHD symptoms in children born after a threatened preterm labour: a 6-year follow-up study

Navalón

Ghosn

Ferrín

et al. 2022

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…Importantly, infants at the age of 2 years, born at term after an episode of suspected PTL, scored lower on the Global Cognitive Index in the test’s components (cognition, fine and gross motor skills, memory, receptive language, speed of processing, and visual motor coordination [14]) and were at greater risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorders [15] and autism [16] than those who were born at term but did not experience an episode of PTL. The data presented in the current study show that patients with an episode of PTL who did not progress to PTD displayed biochemical changes in components of the IGF system that are not present in the physiologic process of labor at term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, some clinicians refer to these circumstances as false PTL. However, there is now persuasive evidence that newborns delivered at term after an episode of PTL are more likely to be small for gestational age (SGA) [10][11][12][13] and are at greater risk for developing neurodevelopmental disorders [14], attention deficit hyperactivity disorders [15], and autism [16]. In addition, their placentas more frequently display lesions of maternal vascular malperfusion [10,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further Evidence that an Episode of Premature Labor Is a Pathologic State: Involvement of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System

Prasad¹,

Romero²,

Chaiworapongsa³

et al. 2023

Fetal Diagn Ther

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Introduction: Approximately 47% of women with an episode of preterm labor deliver at term; however, their infants are at greater risk of being small for gestational age and for neurodevelopmental disorders. In these cases, a pathologic insult may disrupt the homeostatic responses sustaining pregnancy. We tested the hypothesis of an involvement of components of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study in which maternal plasma concentrations of pregnancy-associated plasma protease (PAPP)-A, PAPP-A2, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1), and IGFBP-4 were determined in the following groups of women: (1) no episodes of preterm labor, term delivery (controls, n = 100); (2) episode of preterm labor, term delivery (n = 50); (3) episode of preterm labor, preterm delivery (n = 100); (4) pregnant women at term not in labor (n = 61); and (5) pregnant women at term in labor (n = 61). Pairwise differences in maternal plasma concentrations of PAPP-A, PAPP-A2, IGFBP-1, and IGFBP-4 among study groups were assessed by fitting linear models on log-transformed data and included adjustment for relevant covariates. Significance of the group coefficient in the linear models was assessed via t-scores, with p < 0.05 deemed a significant result. Results: Compared to controls, (1) women with an episode of premature labor, regardless of a preterm or a term delivery, had higher mean plasma concentrations of PAPP-A2 and IGFBP-1 (each p < 0.05); (2) women with an episode of premature labor who delivered at term also had a higher mean concentration of PAPP-A (p < 0.05); and (3) acute histologic chorioamnionitis and spontaneous labor at term were not associated with significant changes in these analytes. Conclusion: An episode of preterm labor involves the IGF system, supporting the view that the premature activation of parturition is a pathologic state, even in those women who delivered at term.

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“…Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that are present at birth and whose first manifestations may appear in early childhood ( Ghosn, 2021 ). They affect the acquisition, assimilation, and or application of skills.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Robot-Assisted Therapy for Children With Autism—The Ontological Knowledge Models and Reinforcement Learning-Based Algorithms

et al. 2022

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Robots are more and more present in our lives, particularly in the health sector. In therapeutic centers, some therapists are beginning to explore various tools like video games, Internet exchanges, and robot-assisted therapy. These tools will be at the disposal of these professionals as additional resources that can support them to assist their patients intuitively and remotely. The humanoid robot can capture young children’s attention and then attract the attention of researchers. It can be considered as a play partner and can directly interact with children or without a third party’s presence. It can equally perform repetitive tasks that humans cannot achieve in the same way. Moreover, humanoid robots can assist a therapist by allowing him to teleoperated and interact from a distance. In this context, our research focuses on robot-assisted therapy and introduces a humanoid social robot in a pediatric hospital care unit. That will be performed by analyzing many aspects of the child’s behavior, such as verbal interactions, gestures and facial expressions, etc. Consequently, the robot can reproduce consistent experiences and actions for children with communication capacity restrictions. This work is done by applying a novel approach based on deep learning and reinforcement learning algorithms supported by an ontological knowledge base that contains relevant information and knowledge about patients, screening tests, and therapies. In this study, we realized a humanoid robot that will assist a therapist by equipping the robot NAO: 1) to detect whether a child is autistic or not using a convolutional neural network, 2) to recommend a set of therapies based on a selection algorithm using a correspondence matrix between screening test and therapies, and 2) to assist and monitor autistic children by executing tasks that require those therapies.

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Early signs of autism in infants whose mothers suffered from a threatened preterm labour: a 30-month prospective follow-up study

Cited by 12 publications

References 57 publications

Temperamental and psychomotor predictors of ADHD symptoms in children born after a threatened preterm labour: a 6-year follow-up study

Temperamental and psychomotor predictors of ADHD symptoms in children born after a threatened preterm labour: a 6-year follow-up study

Further Evidence that an Episode of Premature Labor Is a Pathologic State: Involvement of the Insulin-Like Growth Factor System

Towards Robot-Assisted Therapy for Children With Autism—The Ontological Knowledge Models and Reinforcement Learning-Based Algorithms

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