Early squamous neoplasia of the esophagus: The endoscopic approach to diagnosis and management

Kandiah, Kesavan; Chedgy, Fergus; Subramaniam, Sharmila; Thayalasekaran, Sreedhari; Kurup, Arun; Bhandari, Pradeep

doi:10.4103/1319-3767.203366

Cited by 20 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 56 publications

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“…Image-enhanced endoscopy encompasses various modalities that utilize optical filters, chromoendoscopy, or digital processing techniques to enhance the visual contrast and detail of the mucosal surface. 9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image Enhanced Endoscopy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vasavada,

Anandasabapathy

2023

Foregut: The Journal of the American Foregut Society

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Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for a significant portion of esophageal cancer cases worldwide, particularly in high-risk regions like China, Iran, and eastern Africa. It is often diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Image-enhanced endoscopy enables precise visualization of abnormal mucosa, aiding in targeted biopsies for early detection of ESCC and reducing unnecessary sampling. Various techniques have emerged including lugol’s chromoendoscopy, narrow-band imaging, confocal laser endomicroscopy, and high-resolution microendoscopy. This article also discusses advancements in post-processing imaging technology and the novel role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in improving diagnostic accuracy. While image enhanced endoscopy is promising, challenges such as training, standardization, and long-term validation remain. Implementing image enhanced endoscopy, combined with advancements in AI, has the potential to transform ESCC diagnosis and significantly improve patient outcomes, especially in high-risk populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image Enhanced Endoscopy in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Vasavada,

Anandasabapathy

2023

Foregut: The Journal of the American Foregut Society

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A novel rapid quantitative method reveals stathmin‐1 as a promising marker for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

et al. 2018

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Stathmin‐1 is a microtubule depolymerization protein that regulates cell division, growth, migration, and invasion. Overexpression of stathmin‐1 has been observed to be associated with metastasis, poor prognosis, and chemoresistance in various human cancers. Our previous studies found that serum stathmin‐1 was significantly elevated in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by ELISAs. Here, we constructed high‐affinity monoclonal antibodies and then developed a competitive AlphaLISA for rapid, accurate quantitation of stathmin‐1 in serum. Compared to ELISA, our homogeneous AlphaLISA showed better sensitivity and accuracy, a lower limit of detection, and a wider linear range. The measurements of nearly 1000 clinical samples showed that serum stathmin‐1 level increased dramatically in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), especially in ESCC, with a sensitivity and a specificity of 81% and 94%, respectively. Even for early stage ESCC, stathmin‐1 achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.88. Meanwhile, raised concentrations of stathmin‐1 were associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced cancer stage. Notably, various types of SCC showed significantly higher AUCs in serum stathmin‐1 detection compared to adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, we confirmed that stathmin‐1 was enriched in the oncogenic exosomes, which can explain the reason why it enters into the blood to serve as a tumor surrogate. In conclusion, this large‐scale and systematic study of serum stathmin‐1 measured by our newly established AlphaLISA showed that stathmin‐1 is a very promising diagnostic and predictive marker for SCC in the clinic, especially for ESCC.

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