Early treatment of rape victims: Presentation of an emergency EMDR protocol

Tarquinio, Cyril; Brennstuhl, Marie-Jo; Reichenbach, S.; Rydberg, Jenny Ann; Tarquinio, Pascale

doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2011.11.012

Cited by 23 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Finally, a non-controlled pre-post study on EMDR therapy within three days post-assault reported on the treatment of 17 victims of sexual assault. The results showed a significant reduction in posttraumatic stress symptoms and sexual problems, which remained stable at four weeks and six months after the intervention (Tarquinio, Brennstuhl, Reichenbach, Rydberg, & Tarquinio, 2012). Thus, a limited number of studies with small samples provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy of early interventions following rape in terms of an ameliorating effect on posttraumatic stress symptoms.…”

Section: 眼动脱敏和再处理(Emdr)早期干预治疗减轻近期遭受强奸受害者的创伤后应激症状的严重程度：随机对照试验的研究方案mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Third, two items from the study of Tarquinio et al (2012) are used to determine post-rape sexuality: 'Would you say that your level of desire or interest in your sex life is comparable to what it was before the sexual violence?' and 'Would you say that your level of sexual stimulation (or excitation) is comparable to what it was before the sexual violence?'…”

Section: Primary Outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

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Early intervention with eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy to reduce the severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms in recent rape victims: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Covers

Jongh

Huntjens

et al. 2019

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: It is estimated that more than 40% of rape victims develops a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a statistic that is relatively high compared to other types of trauma. PTSD can affect the victims' psychological, sexual, and physical health. Therefore, there is an urgent need for early interventions to prevent the onset of PTSD in this target group. Objective: This randomised controlled trial (RCT) examines the efficacy of early Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy aimed to reduce the severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms in victims of recent rape. Methods: Subjects (N = 34) are individuals of 16 years and older who present themselves within 7 days post-rape at one of the four participating Sexual Assault Centres in the Netherlands. The intervention consists of two sessions of EMDR therapy between day 14 and 28 post-rape, while the control group receives treatment as usual, consisting of careful monitoring of stress reactions by a case-manager across two contacts during 1-month postrape. Baseline assessment, posttreatment assessment and follow-up assessments at 8 and 12-weeks post-rape will be used to assess the development of posttraumatic stress symptoms. In addition, the efficacy of the intervention on psychological and sexual functioning will be determined. Linear mixed model analysis will be used to explore the differences within and between the EMDR group and control group at the various time points. Conclusions: The results of this RCT may help the dissemination and application of evidence-based preventative treatments for PTSD after rape.

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Section: 眼动脱敏和再处理(Emdr)早期干预治疗减轻近期遭受强奸受害者的创伤后应激症状的严重程度：随机对照试验的研究方案mentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Primary Outcome Variablementioning

confidence: 99%

Early intervention with eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy to reduce the severity of posttraumatic stress symptoms in recent rape victims: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Covers

Jongh

Huntjens

et al. 2019

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The majority of studies included adult women aged 18 and older, but seven included adolescents (Acierno, Resnick, Flood, & Holmes, 2003; Foa, Hearst‐Ikeda, & Perry, 1995; Gilmore, Walsh et al, 2019; Gilmore et al, in press; Resnick, Acierno, Kilpatrick, & Holmes, 2005; Resnick et al, 2007; Walsh et al, 2017). Seven studies recruited within 72 hr of exposure (Acierno et al, 2003; Miller, Cranston, Davis, Newman, & Resnick, 2015; Resnick, Acierno, Holmes, Kilpatrick, & Jager, 1999; Resnick et al, 2005, 2007; Rothbaum et al, 2012; Tarquinio, Brennstuhl, Reichenbach, Rydberg, & Tarquinio, 2012), one within 120 hr (Gilmore, Davidson et al, 2019), three within 7 days (Gilmore, Walsh et al, 2019; Gilmore et al, in press; Walsh et al, 2017) one was recent but unspecified (Hassija & Gray, 2011), two within a month (Frank et al, 1988; Nixon, Sterk, Pearce, & Weber, 2017; Zohar et al, 2018), and two within 2 months (Foa et al, 1995; Foa, Zoellner, & Feeny, 2006). Few studies recruited on the basis of clinical characteristics or risk for PTSD ( n = 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding comorbid psychopathology, seven studies excluded those with psychotic or bipolar spectrum disorders (Acierno et al, 2003; Foa et al, 1995, 2006; Nixon et al, 2017; Resnick et al, 1999; Rothbaum et al, 2012; Zohar et al, 2018). Individuals with current or history of substance use disorder were excluded in six studies (Foa et al, 1995, 2006; Nixon et al, 2017; Rothbaum et al, 2012; Tarquinio et al, 2012; Zohar et al, 2018). Those with ongoing risk for suicide were excluded from three studies (Nixon et al, 2017; Rothbaum et al, 2012; Zohar et al, 2018), and individuals with personality disorders were excluded from one study (Zohar et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies excluded individuals with intellectual disability or dementia (Acierno et al, 2003; Nixon et al, 2017; Resnick et al, 1999, 2005; Zohar et al, 2018). Two studies excluded individuals suffering from the illness of “organic nature” (Foa et al, 1995, 2006), and one excluded individuals with “mental troubles” and contraindication for eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR; Tarquinio et al, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secondary prevention for posttraumatic stress and related symptoms among women whohave experienced a recent sexual assault: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2020

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Background: Women who have experienced a recent sexual assault (SA) are at high risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related conditions, with approximately half of women experiencing SA meeting criteria for PTSD. There are no guidelines for the prevention of PTSD and other common mental health disorders after SA. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesize research on secondary preventions for PTSD after SA, determine efficacy whether any intervention seems promising, and ascertain when, how, and to whom interventions should be delivered. Methods: After searching electronic databases for secondary preventions for PTSD and related conditions among women who have experienced a recent SA, 17 studies were reviewed, their quality was rated on the clinical trial assessment measure, and 10 studies were meta-analyzed (7 were excluded, as they were not randomized controlled trials or due to the absence of heterogeneity). Results: Results suggested a small-to-moderate effect of prevention on reducing PTSD and related symptoms. There was no moderating effect of medication versus psychosocial interventions, timing, treatment modality, or targeted versus universal prevention. Half of the studies were of high quality. Conclusion: Cognitive-behavioral secondary preventions for PTSD appear to be safe and effective among women who have experienced a recent SA. Future research should identify best practices and mechanisms of treatment, and once identified, it should move toward implementation science.

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