Early-Universe Model Building

Asadi, Pouya; Bansal, Saurabh; Berlin, Asher; Co, Raymond T.; Croon, Djuna; Cui, Yanou; Curtin, David; Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan; Davoudiasl, Hooman; Rose, Luigi Delle; Dror, Jeff A.; Elor, Gilly; Gould, Oliver; Harigaya, Keisuke; Heeba, Saniya; Hochberg, Yonit; Hook, Anson; Ipek, Seyda; Kuflik, Eric; Long, Andrew J.; McGehee, Robert; Outmezguine, Nadav Joseph; Panico, Giuliano; Poulin, Vivian; Pradler, Josef; Schutz, Katelin; Shah, Nausheen R.; Shakya, Bibhushan; Shamma, Michael; Shuve, Brian; Smirnov, Juri; Tsai, Yuhsin; Turner, Jessica; van de Vis, Jorinde; Verhaaren, Christopher B.; Weiner, Neal; Yamada, Masaki; You, Tevong; Yu, Hai-Bo

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2203.06680

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 1,516 publications

(1,972 reference statements)

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“…DM may be produced by a thermal freeze-out process from a dark radiation bath, stabilized through a dark number asymmetry similar to the baryon asymmetry, or through a more complicated interplay of equilibrium and non-equilibrium mechanisms; see e.g. [116] for an overview of recent work. In such hidden sector scenarios, dark matter is produced out of a dark thermal bath, which carries a sizeable amount of entropy.…”

Section: Dark Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing physics beyond the standard model: limits from BBN and the CMB independently and combined

Yeh

Shelton²,

Olive³

et al. 2022

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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We present new Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) limits on the cosmic expansion rate or relativistic energy density, quantified via the number Nν of equivalent neutrino species. We use the latest light element observations, neutron mean lifetime, and update our evaluation for the nuclear rates d + d ⟶ 3He + n and d + d ⟶ 3H+ p. Combining this result with the independent constraints from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) yields tight limits on new physics that perturbs Nν and η prior to cosmic nucleosynthesis: a joint BBN+CMB analysis gives Nν = 2.898 ± 0.141, resulting in Nν < 3.180 at 2σ. We apply these limits to a wide variety of new physics scenarios including right-handed neutrinos, dark radiation, and a stochastic gravitational wave background. The strength of the independent BBN and CMB constraints now opens a new window: we can search for limits on potential changes in Nν and/or the baryon-to-photon ratio η between the two epochs. The present data place strong constraints on the allowed changes in Nν between BBN and CMB decoupling; for example, we find -0.708 < Nν CMB - Nν BBN < 0.328 in the case where η and the primordial helium mass fraction Yp are unchanged between the two epochs; we also give limits on the allowed variations in η or in (η, Nν ) jointly. We discuss scenarios in which such changes could occur, and show that BBN+CMB results combine to place important constraints on some early dark energy models to explain the H0 tension. Looking to the future, we forecast the tightened precision for Nν arising from both CMB Stage 4 measurements as well as improvements in astronomical 4He measurements. We find that CMB-S4 combined with present BBN and light element observation precision can give σ(Nν ) ≃ 0.03. Such future precision would reveal the expected effect of neutrino heating (Neff -3 = 0.044) of the CMB during BBN, and would be near the level to reveal any particle species ever in thermal equilibrium with the standard model. Improved Yp measurements can push this precision even further.

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Section: Dark Radiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing physics beyond the standard model: limits from BBN and the CMB independently and combined

Yeh

Shelton²,

Olive³

et al. 2022

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The existence of such a transition is a necessary ingredient for electroweak baryogenesis (see Ref. [526] amd references therein as well as Snowmass white papers [5,527]) and could provide a source for observable gravitational radiation. To significantly alter the SM thermal history, the new physics mass scale cannot lie too far above T EW , nor can its interactions with the SM Higgs boson be too feeble [111].…”

Section: Electroweak Phase Transitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes the inflationary and other early phases in the evolution of the Universe that could have generated a stochastic GW background (SGWB). (For synergy, see Snowmass white papers on inflation [3] and high energy physics model-building of the early Universe [4,5].) Later, Section 5 is dedicated to the open problem of dark matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

et al. 2022

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Detection of a gravitational-wave signal of non-astrophysical origin would be a landmark discovery, potentially providing a significant clue to some of our most basic, big-picture scientific questions about the Universe. In this white paper, we survey the leading early-Universe mechanisms that may produce a detectable signal—including inflation, phase transitions, topological defects, as well as primordial black holes—and highlight the connections to fundamental physics. We review the complementarity with collider searches for new physics, and multimessenger probes of the large-scale structure of the Universe.

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“…Neutrino experiments, while primarily aimed at understanding the properties of neutrinos, can also provide sensitivity to dark matter. DM is intimately tied to the neutrino sector in many well-motivated frameworks: it can, for instance, be a right-handed (sterile) neutrino [22][23][24] or be part of a broader sector that couples to the Standard Model through a neutrino portal. Sterile neutrinos can be realized across many mass scales; the vacuum mixing of sterile neutrinos with active states is constrained by experiment, astrophysical, and cosmological considerations [25].…”

Section: Neutrino Frontier 3 -Dark Matter In Neutrino Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Snowmass 2021 Cross Frontier Report: Dark Matter Complementarity (Extended Version)

Boveia¹,

Chen²,

Doglioni³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The fundamental nature of Dark Matter is a central theme of the Snowmass 2021 process, extending across all frontiers. In the last decade, advances in detector technology, analysis techniques and theoretical modeling have enabled a new generation of experiments and searches while broadening the types of candidates we can pursue. Over the next decade, there is great potential for discoveries that would transform our understanding of dark matter. In the following, we outline a road map for discovery developed in collaboration among the frontiers. A strong portfolio of experiments that delves deep, searches wide, and harnesses the complementarity between techniques is key to tackling this complicated problem, requiring expertise, results, and planning from all Frontiers of the Snowmass 2021 process. Note from the authors: This is the first version of the Cross-Frontier Complementarity report. We welcome feedback or changes (including constructive criticism) that you'd like us to take into account in the next version, on this google document.

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Early-Universe Model Building

Cited by 9 publications

References 1,516 publications

Probing physics beyond the standard model: limits from BBN and the CMB independently and combined

Probing physics beyond the standard model: limits from BBN and the CMB independently and combined

Detection of early-universe gravitational-wave signatures and fundamental physics

Snowmass 2021 Cross Frontier Report: Dark Matter Complementarity (Extended Version)

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