Early weight gain and behavioral responsivity as predictors of dietary obesity in rats

Harrington, Melanie E.; Coscina, Donald V.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(83)90175-0

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Nevertheless, this period of time represents a significant fraction of the average lifespan of these mice (about 10 percent) and was more than 70% longer than the period of obesity induction. Furthermore, unlike the previous observations of persistent diet-induced obesity in rats that occurred on a background of significant growth [6]–[13], our chow fed mice increased their fat-free mass by less than 5% over the 19 week study. Thus, beginning the study with 3 month old mice achieved relative stability of lean tissue mass in the control group and allowed diet interventions of sufficient duration while avoiding confounding factors of advanced age.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…While some investigators have observed persistent obesity in rats [6]–[13], others have found more or less complete obesity reversal [7], [11], [14]–[18]. The results seem to depend on the duration and magnitude of weight gain – factors that were often confounded because different degrees of obesity were created by varying the length of exposure to the high energy diet [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Persistent Diet-Induced Obesity in Male C57BL/6 Mice Resulting from Temporary Obesigenic Diets

et al. 2009

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BackgroundDoes diet-induced obesity persist after an obesigenic diet is removed? We investigated this question by providing male C57BL/6 mice with free access to two different obesigenic diets followed by a switch to chow to determine if obesity was reversible.Methodology/Principal FindingsMale C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to five weight-matched groups: 1) C group that continuously received a chow diet; 2) HF group on a 60% high fat diet; 3) EN group on the high fat diet plus liquid Ensure®; 4) HF-C group switched from high fat to chow after 7 weeks; 5) EN-C group switched from high fat plus Ensure® to chow after 7 weeks. All food intake was ad libitum. Body weight was increased after 7 weeks on both obesigenic diets (44.6±0.65, 39.8±0.63, and 28.6±0.63 g for EN, HF, and C groups, respectively) and resulted in elevated concentrations of serum insulin, glucose, and leptin and lower serum triglycerides. Development of obesity in HF and EN mice was caused by increased energy intake and a relative decrease of average energy output along with decreased ambulatory activity. After the switch to chow, the HF-C and EN-C groups lost weight but subsequently maintained a state of persistent obesity in comparison to the C group (34.8±1.2, 34.1±1.2 vs. 30.8±0.8 g respectively; P<0.05) with a 40–50% increase of body fat. All serum hormones and metabolites returned to control levels with the exception of a trend for increased leptin. The HF-C and EN-C groups had an average energy output in line with the C group and the persistent obesity was maintained despite a non-significant increase of energy intake of less than 1 kcal/d at the end of the study.ConclusionOur results illustrate the importance of considering the history of energy imbalance in determining body weight and that a persistent elevation of body weight after removal of obesigenic diets can result from very small increases of energy intake.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Diet-Induced Obesity in Male C57BL/6 Mice Resulting from Temporary Obesigenic Diets

et al. 2009

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“…SUSCEPTIBILITY to diets leading to the development of obesity has been studied among different rat strains; the Osborne Mendel rat is highly responsive to high-fat feeding and sucrose solutions, while the S SB/Pl strain is resistant (20,211. Significant variability in weight gained, percent fatness, or adipose cellularity in response to such diets has also been reported in studies of rats of the same genetic strain (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)15). Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats show great variability in food intakes and body weight gains when fed obesity-producing diets, e.g., high fat or high c~hyd~te (CHO).…”

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confidence: 74%

Sensory responses, dietary-induced obesity and biochemical values in Sprague-Dawley rats

Grinker¹,

Block²

1991

Brain Research Bulletin

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Food intake and body weight gain variability in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats exposed to a palatable high-fat diet were examined in relation to sensory responses and biochemical parameters in two experiments. In the first experiment, varying sucrose concentrations (4-32% wt./vol.) were randomly presented for 20 minutes to ad lib chow-fed rats. Each rat's sensory response was expressed as Beta (B), or the slope of the regression between solute intake and concentration, and used to assign rats to diet groups. In the second experiment, responsiveness to fat emulsions (1-37%) were similarly measured and categorized. In both experiments sensory responses to sucrose were significantly related to weight gain/fatness on the high-fat diet (lab chow-corn oil). Sensory responsiveness to the fat emulsions was unrelated to sucrose responsiveness or to high-fat feeding. Biochemical parameters (insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins) reflected increased caloric (fat) intake, as well as sucrose responsiveness. Predictors (sensory responses, biochemical values) of response to chronic (4 months) or short-term (less than 2 months) high-fat diets are discussed.

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“…The apparatus was the same as that used previously for rats (Harrington & Coscina, 1983), except that a solid Plexiglas floor was inserted to ensure that mice would not fall through the openings of the wire-mesh floor. The floor was swabbed clean between subjects.…”

Section: Open Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain and behavioral effects of dietary n‐3 deficiency in mice: A three generational study

Wainwright

Huang²,

Coscina

et al. 1994

Developmental Psychobiology

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Feeding mice a diet deficient in n-3 fatty acids for three generations resulted in a 53% decrease in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) in the brain. Maternal pup retrieval and social learning of a food preference are both tasks based on olfactory function. All dams made contact more readily with pups of their own dietary group, and animals of both dietary groups demonstrated the ability to learn a food preference through exposure to a conspecific that had previously eaten the food. Both groups showed similar ability to learn the location of the hidden platform in the Morris water maze, while the n-3 deficient animals were marginally faster in locating the platform on the cued trial. They were also more active when tested in the open field. While they did not differ in their duration of immobility in a forced swimming test, the deficient animals did have longer paw-lick latencies on a hot plate. Thus, in this study a significant reduction in brain n-3 fatty acid composition, while associated with some indications of change in emotional reactivity, did not impair olfactory function or learning of either a latent or spatial nature.

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Early weight gain and behavioral responsivity as predictors of dietary obesity in rats

Cited by 20 publications

References 37 publications

Persistent Diet-Induced Obesity in Male C57BL/6 Mice Resulting from Temporary Obesigenic Diets

Persistent Diet-Induced Obesity in Male C57BL/6 Mice Resulting from Temporary Obesigenic Diets

Sensory responses, dietary-induced obesity and biochemical values in Sprague-Dawley rats

Brain and behavioral effects of dietary n‐3 deficiency in mice: A three generational study

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