This survey confirms that one of the research trends in early geometrical reasoning has been a focus on creating a theoretical basis for research in this area. The main reason for the work on the theoretical foundations has been the fact that building geometrical concepts proceeds according to other regularities more than it takes place while building arithmetic knowledge. In this way, a broad research area was outlined. The first theory was created by Dina and Pierre Van Hiele (the Netherlands), but many on-going studies are related to this issue and many have focused on analysing and further expanding this theory.In parallel, new conceptual approaches that capture the question of the theoretical basis in a different way have been created. They should be considered complementarily, as they repeatedly point to the other aspects of the geometrical knowledge. The examples discussed in this paper come from the circles of scholars gathered around Alain Kuzniak (France) and Milan Hejný (Czech Republic). A networking between Van Hiele's theory and the description of geometrical paradigms created by Kuzniak examine ways that children work at the lowest levels. This allows analysis of how they gain experience, which is the basis for the transition in the area of further paradigms. This is therefore a departure from the theories that have a linear structure and focus only on a successive development.Milan Hejný indicates new aspects for descriptions of understanding of geometrical concepts, but first and foremost, he connects his proposals with the concept of schema-oriented education, where creating skills and procedures should be seen from a long perspective. In his theoretical background, a relatively new trend concerning the development of geometric reasoning is a pro-ceptual approach to the concepts. The formation of geometrical concepts is related to the empirical