Earnings Supplements and Job Quality among Former Welfare Recipients

Foley, Kelly; Schwartz, Saul

doi:10.7202/007304ar

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Evidence suggests that this is likely to lead to overestimated impacts (Hróbjartsson 2012). There was evidence of selective outcome reporting in six studies reporting results for multiple subgroups or time points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare-to-work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children

Gibson

Thomson

Banas

et al. 2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Lone parents in high‐income countries have high rates of poverty (including in‐work poverty) and poor health. Employment requirements for these parents are increasingly common. 'Welfare‐to‐work' (WtW) interventions involving financial sanctions and incentives, training, childcare subsidies and lifetime limits on benefit receipt have been used to support or mandate employment among lone parents. These and other interventions that affect employment and income may also affect people's health, and it is important to understand the available evidence on these effects in lone parents. Objectives To assess the effects of WtW interventions on mental and physical health in lone parents and their children living in high‐income countries. The secondary objective is to assess the effects of welfare‐to‐work interventions on employment and income. Search methods We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE Ovid, Embase Ovid, PsycINFO EBSCO, ERIC EBSCO, SocINDEX EBSCO, CINAHL EBSCO, Econlit EBSCO, Web of Science ISI, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA) via Proquest, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS) via ProQuest, Social Services Abstracts via Proquest, Sociological Abstracts via Proquest, Campbell Library, NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED) (CRD York), Turning Research into Practice (TRIP), OpenGrey and Planex. We also searched bibliographies of included publications and relevant reviews, in addition to many relevant websites. We identified many included publications by handsearching. We performed the searches in 2011, 2013 and April 2016. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of mandatory or voluntary WtW interventions for lone parents in high‐income countries, reporting impacts on parental mental health, parental physical health, child mental health or child physical health. Data collection and analysis One review author extracted data using a standardised extraction form, and another checked them. Two authors independently assessed risk of bias and the quality of the evidence. We contacted study authors to obtain measures of variance and conducted meta‐analyses where possible. We synthesised data at three time points: 18 to 24 months (T1), 25 to 48 months (T2) and 49 to 72 months (T3). Main results Twelve studies involving 27,482 participants met the inclusion criteria. Interventions were either mandatory or voluntary and included up to 10 discrete components in varying combinations. All but one study took place in North America. Although we searched for parental health outcomes, the vast majority of the sample in all included studies were female. Therefore, we describe adult health outcomes as 'maternal' throughout the results section. We downgraded the quality of all evidence at least one level because outcome assessors were not blinde...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare-to-work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children

Gibson

Thomson

Banas

et al. 2018

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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“…Barling et al (2003), Clark (2001Clark ( , 2005, Kalleberg and Vaisey (2005), Jencks et al (1988), Kelliher and Anderson (2008), Okay-Somerville and Scholarios (2013), Ritter and Anker (2002), Schokkaert et al (2009), Sengupta et al (2009), Weinkopf (2009 Job security Clark (2001Clark ( , 2005, Foley and Schwartz (2003), Jencks et al (1988), Kalleberg and Vaisey (2005), Muñoz de Bustillo and Fernández-Macías (2005), McPhail and Fisher (2008), Okay-Somerville and Scholarios (2013), Sengupta et al (2009) Promotion opportunities Clark (2001Clark ( , 2005, Kalleberg and Vaisey (2005), Kelliher and Anderson (2008), McGovern et al (2004), McPhail and Fisher (2008), …”

Section: Job Quality Dimensionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Some studies have measured job quality with a single variable, either objective, such as salary (Kalleberg et al 2000;Loveman and Tilly 1988), or subjective, such as job satisfaction (Nagy 2002;Skalli et al 2008), while others have considered several constitutive dimensions, using a multifaceted approach (Erhel and Guergoat-Larivière 2010). Concerning how the characteristics of job quality are measured, studies have adopted objective job attributes (e.g., McGovern et al 2004), subjective job perceptions (e.g., Foley and Schwartz 2003), and mixes of the two (e.g., Muñoz de Bustillo et al 2011).…”

Section: Job Quality: Measurement Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring Young Graduates’ Job Quality Through a Composite Indicator

Boccuzzo

Gianecchini

2014

Soc Indic Res

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The aim of the article is to propose a job quality composite indicator (JQCI) by which to measure the quality of young graduates’ jobs. We design JQCI by grouping jobs’ objective and perceived characteristics into three dimensions—economic, professional, and work–life balance—following a theory-driven approach, and weighting each dimension according to its importance. We apply the resulting JQCI to a sample of Italian graduates 3 years after graduation and validate it by measuring their motivation to leave their jobs, assuming that poor quality could be a reason to want to leave a job. We find that the professional dimension scores the highest. Relevant differences in job quality are related to individual (gender, degree level, disciplinary field, whether the graduate worked while studying) and organizational characteristics (company size). Implications for policy-makers and for firms interested in attracting and retaining Generation Y workers are discussed

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“…8 A large literature considers various aspects of the Self-Sufficiency Project, including Bitler et al (2008), Card and Hyslop (2005), Connolly andGottschalk (2009), Ferrall (2012), Foley and Schwartz (2003), Kamionka and Lacroix (2008), Michalopoulos et al (2005), Riddell and Riddell (2014), and Zabel et al (2013). Similar, but less generous, income supplement programs have been studied in the United States; see Auspos et al (2000) on the Minnesota Family Investment Program and Bos et al (1999) on the Wisconsin New Hope program.…”

Section: Endnotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating search and matching models using experimental data

2015

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This paper introduces an innovative test of search and matching models using the exogenous variation available in experimental data. We take an off-the-shelf search model and calibrate it to data on the control group from a randomized social experiment. We then simulate a program group from a randomized experiment within the model. As a measure of the performance of the model, we compare the outcomes of the program groups from the model and from the randomized experiment. We illustrate our methodology using the Canadian Self-Sufficiency Project (SSP), a social experiment providing a time-limited earnings supplement for Income Assistance recipients who obtain full-time employment within a 12-month period. We find two features of the model are consistent with the experimental results: endogenous search intensity and exogenous job destruction. We find mixed evidence in support of the assumption of fixed hours of labor supply. Finally, we find a constant job destruction rate is not consistent with the experimental data in this context. JEL Classification: J2; I38; J6

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Earnings Supplements and Job Quality among Former Welfare Recipients

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Welfare-to-work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children

Welfare-to-work interventions and their effects on the mental and physical health of lone parents and their children

Measuring Young Graduates’ Job Quality Through a Composite Indicator

Evaluating search and matching models using experimental data

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