Earth Observations for Anticipatory Action: Case Studies in Hydrometeorological Hazards

Kruczkiewicz, Andrew; McClain, Shanna N.; Bell, Veronica; Warrick, Olivia; Bazo, Juan; Mason, J. Leonard; Vergara, Humberto; Horna, Natalia

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819412-6.00011-0

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Unfortunately, comprehensive GSV coverage of streets does not exist globally as many areas lack collection, particularly in the developing world and in rural areas. A concern is that these areas are those in which flood risk assessment and flood anticipatory action programs are most needed [71]. However, in our case study of Quito, we found that there was sufficient coverage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Advancing Data for Street-Level Flood Vulnerability: Evaluation of Variables Extracted from Google Street View in Quito, Ecuador

Velez

Calderón

Carey

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Comput. Soc.

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Data relevant to flood vulnerability is minimal and infrequently collected, if at all, for much of the world. This makes it difficult to highlight areas for humanitarian aid, monitor changes, and support communities in need. It is time consuming and resource intensive to do an exhaustive study for multiple flood relevant vulnerability variables using a field survey. We use a mixed methods approach to develop a survey on variables of interest and utilize an open-source crowdsourcing technique to remotely collect data with a human-machine interface using high-resolution satellite images and Google Street View. Finally, we perform an inter-rater agreement to assess if this technique provides consistent results. This paper focuses on Quito, Ecuador as a case study, but the methodology can be replicated to produce labeled training data in other areas. The overall goal is to advance methods to help build training datasets that allow for assessing and automating the mapping of flood vulnerability for urban areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Advancing Data for Street-Level Flood Vulnerability: Evaluation of Variables Extracted from Google Street View in Quito, Ecuador

Velez

Calderón

Carey

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Comput. Soc.

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“…Furthermore, the reporting often does not allow for multiple flood types to be selected if they cooccur. If standards are set now, while we are at the earlier stages of exploring the relationships between food security and floods, then there is a heightened chance to better understand how different types of floods, and compound flood events, are affecting food security now and how those impacts may shift over time with climate change ( 8 , 61 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Record flooding was pervasive across Africa in 2020, affecting millions across national boundaries, damaging infrastructure, and compounding public health concerns amid the accelerating COVID-19 crisis ( 1 – 4 ). While flooding across Africa is a regular, seasonal occurrence in riverine areas ( 5 , 6 ), the extent, magnitude, and duration of flooding and its subsequent impacts is gaining increased attention, especially from humanitarian organizations and related to relief (ex post) and preparedness (ex ante) operations ( 7 , 8 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The impact of flooding on food security across Africa

Reed

Anderson

Kruczkiewicz

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Recent record rainfall and flood events have prompted increased attention to flood impacts on human systems. Information regarding flood effects on food security is of particular importance for humanitarian organizations and is especially valuable across Africa's rural areas that contribute to regional food supplies. We quantitatively evaluate where and to what extent flooding impacts food security across Africa, using a Granger causality analysis and panel modeling approaches. Within our modeled areas, we find that ∼12% of the people that experienced food insecurity from 2009 to 2020 had their food security status affected by flooding. Furthermore, flooding and its associated meteorological conditions can simultaneously degrade food security locally while enhancing it at regional spatial scales, leading to large variations in overall food security outcomes. Dedicated data collection at the intersection of flood events and associated food security measures across different spatial and temporal scales are required to better characterize the extent of flood impact and inform preparedness, response, and recovery needs.

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“…Emergency management professionals, social workers, and planners can support the interpretation of disparate flood recovery outcomes. Data “translators” are familiar with the technical limitations and insights that EO can lend and can identify gaps in data‐sharing and decision‐making among partners (Kruczkiewicz, McClain, et al., 2021). Ultimately, assigning roles and responsibilities will depend on individuals' capacities and the context in which the framework is implemented.…”

Section: A Framework To Guide Eo Monitoring Of Flood Recovery and Red...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Earth Observation to Address Inequities in Post‐Flood Recovery

Friedrich,

Tellman,

Sullivan

et al. 2024

Earth's Future

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Floods impact communities worldwide, resulting in loss of life, damaged infrastructure and natural assets, and threatened livelihoods. Climate change and urban development in flood‐prone areas will continue to worsen flood‐related losses, increasing the urgency for effective tools to monitor recovery. Many Earth Observation (EO) applications exist for flood‐hazard monitoring and provide insights on location, timing, and extent in near real‐time and historically to estimate flood risk. Less attention has been paid to flood recovery, even though differing recovery rates and outcomes can have immediate and enduring distributional effects within communities. EO data are uniquely positioned to monitor post‐flood recovery and inform policy on hazard mitigation and adaptation but remain underutilized. We encourage the EO and flood research community to refocus on developing flood recovery applications to address growing risk. Translation of EO insights on flood recovery among flood‐affected communities and decision‐makers is necessary to address underlying social vulnerabilities that exacerbate inequitable recovery outcomes and advocate for redressing injustices where disparate recovery is observed. We identify an unequivocal need for EO to move beyond mapping flood hazard and exposure toward post‐flood recovery monitoring to inform recovery across geographic contexts. This commentary proposes a framework for remote sensing scientists to engage community‐based partners to integrate EO with non‐EO data to advance flood recovery monitoring, characterize inequitable recovery, redistribute resources to mitigate inequities, and support risk reduction of future floods.

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Earth Observations for Anticipatory Action: Case Studies in Hydrometeorological Hazards

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Advancing Data for Street-Level Flood Vulnerability: Evaluation of Variables Extracted from Google Street View in Quito, Ecuador

Advancing Data for Street-Level Flood Vulnerability: Evaluation of Variables Extracted from Google Street View in Quito, Ecuador

The impact of flooding on food security across Africa

Earth Observation to Address Inequities in Post‐Flood Recovery

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