Earth‐Rich Transition Metal Phosphide for Energy Conversion and Storage

Sun, Meng; Liu, Huijuan; Qu, Jiuhui; Li, Jinghong

doi:10.1002/aenm.201600087

Cited by 483 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 311 publications

(484 reference statements)

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“…Besides, the AEZAB also shows dominant performance advantages over the most predominant ZABs reported previ-ously, [16,32,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62] further verifying a suitable asymmetric electrolyte in ZAB can bring forth remarkable improvement in performance of the ZAB. It should be pointed out that the electrolyte in both chamber did show remarkable impaction on the battery performance.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Asymmetric‐Electrolyte Zn−Air Battery with Ultrahigh Power Density and Energy Density

et al. 2017

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ZnÀair batteries have attracted enormous research interest, driven by the promise for vehicle propulsion owing to their advantages of high-level safety, low cost, and high specific energy density. Here, we report an asymmetric-electrolyte ZnÀair battery with acid catholyte and alkaline anolyte separated by a bipolar membrane. We demonstrate that the asdesigned ZnÀair battery, thanks to the as-formed concentration cell, can deliver a maximum power density of 380 mW cm À2 and a specific energy density of 1522 Wh kg À1 with an open-circuit voltage of 2.25 V. The as-proposed ZnÀair battery performance is superior to the conventional ZnÀair battery in terms of these pivotal performance parameters.Energy crisis and environmental pollutions caused by the consumption of fossil fuels have stimulated great interests in developing renewable energy sources. Accordingly, a series of energy storage and conversion systems, such as rechargeable batteries, [1][2][3][4][5] fuel cells, [6][7][8][9] and capacitors, [10][11][12][13][14] have been developed successfully to fulfill application demands in diverse fields. Among them, Zn-air batteries powered by oxidizing zinc with oxygen have received intensive attentions due to their advantages of high theoretic energy density and specific capacity, low cost, and high efficiency. [15][16][17] In addition, the current yearly global zinc production is sufficient to produce enough Zn-air batteries, [18][19][20] which holds overwhelming advantages over the current limited production of lithium that is necessary source for the current dominant lithium ion batteries (LIBs). [21][22][23] Zn-air batteries are thus regarded as promising energy sources for the next generation electric vehicle battery and as a utility-scale energy storage system. [17,[24][25][26] However, the cell voltage for Zn-air batteries is theoretically capable 1.65 V and almost all practical devices are optimized for less than 1.4 or 1.3 V, less than half of that in LIBs. Moreover, the outputting energy density in the Zn-air batteries reported so far was less than theoretical estimates. For example, the peak power density and energy density are always behind 200 mW cm À2 and 1000 Wh kg À1 , respectively. In these regards, it is highly desirable to make further improvements in output voltage and energy density of Zn-air batteries. [17,[27][28][29] We here report a newly asymmetric-electrolyte Zn-air battery (AEZAB) with H 2 SO 4 as catholyte and NaOH as anolyte that are separated by a bipolar membrane (BPM), in which the commercial Pt/C is applied as the cathode catalyst to demonstrate such proof-of-concept. We demonstrate the as-designed Zn-air battery is capable of releasing an open circuit voltage of 2.25 V with a power density of 380 mW cm À2 , 1.90 times higher than that of the conventional ZAB and even beat that of the best ZAB ever reported. Moreover, the energy density of the AEZAB is as high as 1522 Wh kg À1 , 1.51 times higher than that of conventional ZAB, even far surpassing the theoretic energy density of ZAB. F...

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confidence: 99%

An Asymmetric‐Electrolyte Zn−Air Battery with Ultrahigh Power Density and Energy Density

et al. 2017

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“…For nickel, for example, the overall chemical equation would be 8Ni 2+ + 9H 2 PO 2 − + 2H 2 O → 4Ni 2 P + 5HPO 4 2− + 17H + . From element phosphorus, e.g., red phosphors, P 4 can be introduced as solid pieces, which although do not react directly with the metal source, but are transformed into intermediate species, such as phosphate or PH 3 ; From alternative phosphorus sources, such as Na 3 P, metal halides can react with Na 3 P to form metal phosphides, one example of which is: 6NiCl 2 + 4Na 3 P → 3Ni 2 P + 12NaCl + P . For organic phosphine, such as trioctylphosphine (TOP) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), low‐valent metal complexes can be reacted at high temperature with excess phosphorus compound by thermal decomposition .…”

Section: Metal Phosphidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, CVD has the following advantages. Firstly, the pristine morphology of metal precursors can be well preserved after phosphorization, making the required structure control possible . Secondly, the process is generally applicable to the phosphorization of metal and metal oxides/hydroxides.…”

Section: Metal Phosphidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure shows the key performance metrics, the affecting factors in evaluation of SCs, where metal phosphides and metal phosphates are expected to play major roles in development of high performance supercapacitors. While carbon‐based, transition metal oxide/hydroxide‐based materials and some conducting polymers have been widely investigated for application in supercapacitors, considerable attention is being switched into metal phosphides/phosphates more recently, due to their high electric conductivity, theoretical specific capacitance, high chemical stability, non‐toxicity and high abundance and therefore low cost …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metal Phosphides and Phosphates‐based Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Elshahawy

Guan

et al. 2017

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Phosphorus compounds, such as metal phosphides and phosphates have shown excellent performances and great potential in electrochemical energy storage, which are demonstrated by research works published in recent years. Some of these metal phosphides and phosphates and their hybrids compare favorably with transition metal oxides/hydroxides, which have been studied extensively as a class of electrode materials for supercapacitor applications, where they have limitations in terms of electrical and ion conductivity and device stability. To be specific, metal phosphides have both metalloid characteristics and good electric conductivity. For metal phosphates, the open-framework structures with large channels and cavities endow them with good ion conductivity and charge storage capacity. In this review, we present the recent progress on metal phosphides and phosphates, by focusing on their advantages/disadvantages and potential applications as a new class of electrode materials in supercapacitors. The synthesis methods to prepare these metal phosphides/phosphates are looked into, together with the scientific insights involved, as they strongly affect the electrochemical energy storage performance. Particular attentions are paid to those hybrid-type materials, where strong synergistic effects exist. In the summary, the future perspectives and challenges for the metal phosphides, phosphates and hybrid-types are proposed and discussed.

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“…Carbon and metallic nanomaterials have shown wide applications in various fields from electrocatalysis [1,2], energy materials [3] and biosensors [4], to biomedical materials [5]. Graphene is a two-dimensional (2D) carbon material with monolayered hexagonal sp2 hybridized carbons.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenylalanine-Rich Peptide Mediated Binding with Graphene Oxide and Bioinspired Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing

Wang

Lin

2017

Applied Sciences

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Abstract:We demonstrated that a phenylalanine-rich peptide molecule, (FEFEFKFK) 2 , could be used for the biofunctionalization of graphene oxide (GO) and the bioinspired synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the creation of functional GO-AgNPs nanohybrids. The successful synthesis of GO-AgNPs nanohybrids was proven by the characterizations of atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The fabricated electrochemical H 2 O 2 sensor based on the synthesized GO-AgNPs nanohybrids showed high performances with a linear detection range 0.02-18 mM and a detection limit of 0.13 µM. The design of graphene-binding peptides is of benefit to the biofunctionalization of graphene-based materials, the synthesis of novel graphene-peptide nanohybrids, and the potential applications of graphene in biomedical fields.

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Earth‐Rich Transition Metal Phosphide for Energy Conversion and Storage

Cited by 483 publications

References 311 publications

An Asymmetric‐Electrolyte Zn−Air Battery with Ultrahigh Power Density and Energy Density

An Asymmetric‐Electrolyte Zn−Air Battery with Ultrahigh Power Density and Energy Density

Metal Phosphides and Phosphates‐based Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Phenylalanine-Rich Peptide Mediated Binding with Graphene Oxide and Bioinspired Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Electrochemical Sensing

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