2017
DOI: 10.1785/0220170138
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Earthquake Early Warning ShakeAlert System: Testing and Certification Platform

Abstract: Earthquake early warning systems provide warnings to end users of incoming moderate to strong ground shaking from earthquakes. An earthquake early warning system, ShakeAlert, is providing alerts to beta end users in the western United States, specifically California, Oregon, and Washington. An essential aspect of the earthquake early warning system is the development of a framework to test modifications to code to ensure functionality and assess performance. In 2016, a Testing and Certification Platform (TCP) … Show more

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Cited by 63 publications
(54 citation statements)
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“…An important potential application of GPD is in EEW, to improve discrimination between genuine earthquake signals and other spurious signals that could lead to false detections. Many EEW systems currently trigger based on large STA/LTA signals, which serve as an anchor for the real-time monitoring process [5]. GPD can be applied in a streaming mode for each packet received in an analogous manner to STA/LTA.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An important potential application of GPD is in EEW, to improve discrimination between genuine earthquake signals and other spurious signals that could lead to false detections. Many EEW systems currently trigger based on large STA/LTA signals, which serve as an anchor for the real-time monitoring process [5]. GPD can be applied in a streaming mode for each packet received in an analogous manner to STA/LTA.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An EEW system mainly consists of two components: providing a rapid determination of earthquake location and magnitude using first few seconds of P waves recorded at near-source stations (Allen & Kanamori, 2003;Wu & Kanamori, 2005a, 2005b, and from that, employing ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) to predict the distribution of PGA, PGV, or intensity for shaking alerts (Allen et al, 2009;Cochran et al, 2017;Wu et al, 2001Wu et al, , 2003. While finite source effect (e.g., rupture directivity) has been known to be an important factor affecting ground motions (Imperatori & Mai, 2013;Mai, 2009;Ripperger et al, 2008) and has started being considered in many GMPEs in the past two decades (Rowshandel, 2010;Somerville et al, 1997;Spudich & Chiou, 2008), the GMPEs incorporated in EEW are still largely based on point-source assumption since the directivity (and fault extent) could only be assessed after wavefield has been propagating and recorded by the seismic network.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Presumably, the deep networks classify these signals as quakes because their particle motion is consistent with that of the local earthquake records it has been trained with. Triggering on teleseismic records is a common problem in EEW systems (e.g., Cochran et al, ; Hartog et al, ). Phases from deep teleseisms are especially problematic as they are only subjected to crustal attenuation on their upgoing path and can have significant energy at high frequencies and thus contain impulsive phases; as a consequence they can be difficult to tell apart from local earthquakes.…”
Section: Classification Performancementioning
confidence: 99%
“…The ShakeAlert EEW system for the U.S. West Coast (Given et al, ; Kohler et al, ) requires detections on at least four sites to issue an alert. Despite this requirement, false event declarations occur several times per year (Cochran et al, ). In part, these false declarations are caused by misinterpretations of impulsive nuisance signals, for example, from anthropogenic noise sources, instrument malfunctions, or teleseismic signals.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%