Earthquake-enhanced permeability – evidence from carbon dioxide release following the ML 3.5 earthquake in West Bohemia

Fischer, Tomáš; Matyska, Ctirad; Heinicke, J.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2016.12.001

Cited by 48 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The shaking caused by seismic waves can change the permeability of an aquifer, causing increases (Candela et al, 2014;Elkhoury et al, 2006;Fischer et al, 2017;Rojstaczer et al, 1995) or decreases (Rutter et al, 2016;Shi et al, 2018) and resulting in changes in stream flow, spring discharge, and groundwater or piezometric levels. Different mechanisms trigger responses at various distances from epicenters.…”

Section: Mechanism and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Permeability Caused by Two Consecutive Earthquakes—Insights From the Responses of a Well‐Aquifer System to Seismic Waves

Sun

Xiang

Shi

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Earthquake‐induced aquifer permeability changes have been observed both in the laboratory and the field. However, the effects of multiple earthquakes on aquifer systems have rarely been differentiated. In this study, we analyze the piezometric response to earthquake pairs that occurred on the same day. The results show that events with higher seismic energy may result in a rise in piezometric level, and the seismic waves enhanced the permeability of the aquifer by different magnitudes. Stress/strain history from consecutive earthquakes may be retained, and permeability increased much more following the second earthquake than the first one. The method proposed in this study is useful in evaluating the permeability enhancement induced by consecutive earthquakes. The stress/strain memory of aquifers also has important implications for understanding aftershocks.

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Section: Mechanism and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Permeability Caused by Two Consecutive Earthquakes—Insights From the Responses of a Well‐Aquifer System to Seismic Waves

Sun

Xiang

Shi

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…While it appears that the projected bubble fraction data from the Hartoušov site cannot be directly inverted to obtain 344 a reasonable gas flow rate estimate, it is important that they provide a fair correlation (see also Fischer et al 2017 and 345 Fig. 4 in their paper) and can thus provide a valuable gas flow rate proxy.…”

Section: Laboratory Test Of Bubble Fraction Methods 310mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 the record of ℎ K ( ) and ℎ M ( ) and the resulting projected bubble fraction E ( ) defined by eq. (4) is shown 265 for the whole period studied in Fischer et al (2017). We refer to this method as the integral method.…”

Section: Bubble Fraction In Water 198mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring crustal CO<sub>2</sub> flow: methods and their applications to the mofettes in West Bohemia

Fischer¹,

Vlček²,

Lanzendörfer³

2020

Preprint

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Monitoring of CO2 degassing in seismoactive areas allows the study of correlations of gas release and 8 seismic activity. Reliable continuous monitoring of the gas flow rate in rough field conditions requires robust methods 9 capable of measuring gas flow at different types of gas outlets such as wet mofettes, mineral springs and boreholes. 10In this paper we focus on the methods and results of the long-term monitoring of CO2 degassing in the West 11 Bohemia/Vogtland region in Central Europe, which is typified by the occurrence of earthquake swarms and 12 emanations of carbon dioxide of magmatic origin. Besides direct flow measurement using flowmeters, we introduce 13 a novel indirect technique based on quantifying the gas bubble contents in a water column, which is capable of 14 functioning in severe environmental conditions. The method calculates the mean bubble fraction in a water-gas 15 mixture from the pressure difference along a fixed depth interval in a water column. Laboratory tests indicate the 16 nonlinear dependence of the bubble fraction on the flow rate, which is confirmed by empirical models found in the 17 chemical and nuclear engineering literature. Application of the method in a pilot borehole shows a high correlation 18between the bubble fraction and measured gas flow rate. This was specifically the case of two coseismic anomalies 19 in 2008 and 2014, when the flow rate rose during a seismic swarm to a multitude of the pre-seismic level for several 20 months and was followed by a long-term flow rate decline. However, three more seismic swarms occurring in the 21 same fault zone were not associated with any significant CO2 flow anomaly. We surmise that this could be related to 22 the slightly farther distance of the hypocenters of these swarms than the two ones which caused the coseismic CO2 23 flow rise. Further long-term CO2-flow monitoring is required to verify the mutual influence of CO2 degassing and 24 seismic activity in the area. 25 26 27 28

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“…The combination of intense CO 2 -rich mantle degassing, ongoing seismic activity including earthquakes swarms and microbiological activity that occurs in the Cheb Basin (western Eger Rift, Czech Republic; Fig. 1) is exceptional and allows the study of bio-geo interactions as part of active geodynamic processes in the lithosphere (Kämpf et al, 1989(Kämpf et al, , 2013Wagner et al, 2007;Bräuer et al, 2007Bräuer et al, , 2008Bräuer et al, , 2011Bräuer et al, , 2014Dahm et al, 2013;Fischer et al, 2014Fischer et al, , 2017Alawi et al, 2015;Schuessler et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drilling into an active mofette: pilot-hole study of the impact of CO<sub>2</sub>-rich mantle-derived fluids on the geo–bio interaction in the western Eger Rift (Czech Republic)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Microbial life in the continental "deep biosphere" is closely linked to geodynamic processes, yet this interaction is poorly studied. The Cheb Basin in the western Eger Rift (Czech Republic) is an ideal place for such a study because it displays almost permanent seismic activity along active faults with earthquake swarms up to M L 4.5 and intense degassing of mantle-derived CO 2 in conduits that show up at the surface in form of mofettes. We hypothesize that microbial life is significantly accelerated in active fault zones and in CO 2 conduits, due to increased fluid and substrate flow. To test this hypothesis, pilot hole HJB-1 was drilled in spring 2016 at the major mofette of the Hartoušov mofette field, after extensive pre-drill surveys to optimize the well location. After drilling through a thin caprock-like structure at 78.5 m, a CO 2 blowout occurred indicating a CO 2 reservoir in the underlying sandy clay. A pumping test revealed the presence of mineral water dominated by Na + , Ca 2+ , HCO The cored sediments are mudstones with minor carbonates, sandstones and lignite coals that were deposited in a lacustrine environment. Deformation structures and alteration features are abundant in the core. Ongoing studies will show if they result from the flow of CO 2 -rich fluids or not.

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Earthquake-enhanced permeability – evidence from carbon dioxide release following the ML 3.5 earthquake in West Bohemia

Cited by 48 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in Permeability Caused by Two Consecutive Earthquakes—Insights From the Responses of a Well‐Aquifer System to Seismic Waves

Changes in Permeability Caused by Two Consecutive Earthquakes—Insights From the Responses of a Well‐Aquifer System to Seismic Waves

Monitoring crustal CO<sub>2</sub> flow: methods and their applications to the mofettes in West Bohemia

Drilling into an active mofette: pilot-hole study of the impact of CO<sub>2</sub>-rich mantle-derived fluids on the geo–bio interaction in the western Eger Rift (Czech Republic)

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Earthquake-enhanced permeability – evidence from carbon dioxide release following the ML 3.5 earthquake in West Bohemia

Cited by 48 publications

References 31 publications

Changes in Permeability Caused by Two Consecutive Earthquakes—Insights From the Responses of a Well‐Aquifer System to Seismic Waves

Changes in Permeability Caused by Two Consecutive Earthquakes—Insights From the Responses of a Well‐Aquifer System to Seismic Waves

Monitoring crustal CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; flow: methods and their applications to the mofettes in West Bohemia

Drilling into an active mofette: pilot-hole study of the impact of CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-rich mantle-derived fluids on the geo–bio interaction in the western Eger Rift (Czech Republic)

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Product

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About

Monitoring crustal CO<sub>2</sub> flow: methods and their applications to the mofettes in West Bohemia

Drilling into an active mofette: pilot-hole study of the impact of CO<sub>2</sub>-rich mantle-derived fluids on the geo–bio interaction in the western Eger Rift (Czech Republic)