Earthquake risk assessment of Alexandria, Egypt

Badawy, Ahmed; Gaber, Hanan; Ibrahim, Hamza A.

doi:10.1007/s10950-014-9456-x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…After the installation of polymer anti-seismic piling method (the catacombs equipped with polymer seismic isolation), the shear forces on the rock pillars and the sidewalls of the catacombs, which is the most vulnerable parts inside the catacombs, reduced by up to half in the cases of the three earthquakes scenarios, as shown in Figs. 5,6,7, where the effective shear stresses on the pillars reduced from 410 to 250 kN/m 2 in the case of Kalamata earthquake at PGA = 0.24 g, from 400 to 280 kN/ m 2 in the case of Erzincan earthquake at PGA = 0.24 g, and from 430 to 300 kN/m 2 in the cases of Aqaba earthquake at PGA = 0.24 g.…”

Section: Seismic Analysis Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…We are required to decide an adequate strength level to be given to facilities. In this context, the risk-based design or risk management procedures may be useful, where the earthquake risk is balanced against the costs of the facility [6].…”

Section: Earthquake Risk Assessment Of Alexandriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 6 Deformed mesh and peak total displacement, the final step: a Kalamata RQ, b Erzincan RQ, c Aqaba RQ. The PGA = 0.24 g. Catacombs protected from seismic activity 7.…”

Section: Seismic Response Characteristics Of Monumental Underground S...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finite element assessment FEA of polymer anti-seismic piling techniques for protection of the underground culture heritage

Hemeda

2022

Herit Sci

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Alexandria is one of the Mediterranean UNESCO World Heritage sites at risk from coastal flooding and Earthquakes. Nowadays, the safety of archaeological underground structures draws more and more attention. After many catastrophic events, the study of anti-seismic for underground structures has also become an important problem to be solved. Based on the typical underground structure seismic damage phenomenon, this paper summarizes the seismic characteristics, research methods and design methods of underground structures to offer a guide for engineers and conservators, where the polymer anti-seismic piling to protect the underground monumental structures against strong earthquakes is presented and validated in numerical analysis. In this paper, typical damages of archaeological underground structures are firstly presented, followed by the FEM analysis using the PLAXIS 2D code for the seismic response of Catacombs of Kom El-Shoqafa in Alexandria, Egypt with and without the anti-seismic polymer pilling techniques. Results of this work underline the high potential of these low-cost anti seismic technique, confirming the possibility of achieving a significant improvement of the seismic performance of archaeological underground structures by using the low-cost and easy to manufacture it.

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Section: Seismic Analysis Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Earthquake Risk Assessment Of Alexandriamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Finite element assessment FEA of polymer anti-seismic piling techniques for protection of the underground culture heritage

Hemeda

2022

Herit Sci

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“…Concrete slab thickness is 15 Cm with mesh reinforcement 7ø10/m. Column's data are displayed in Table (2) while beams data are shown in Table (3). Building (II) is a residential building consists of ground floor and three typical floors.…”

Section: Verification Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines to estimate Earthquake Loads on Buildings in Slum Areas

Helal

2022

JES. Journal of Engineering Sciences

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Slums and non-engineering buildings are scattered in Egyptian cities. Here comes the challenge facing the state, including the engineering bodies, to determine the danger level to the residents' lives, and to develop solutions and priorities for facing risks including earthquakes. The large size of slums necessitates the development of a simplified way for classifying structures in terms of their seismic resistance. This research proposes a simplified method to estimate the earthquake loads to be used for estimating the ability of such buildings to withstand the main and seismic loads, allowing the determination of the initial degree of danger on its condition. The proposed guideline ignores the effect of participation of all columns in resisting earthquake loads, especially in the absence of lateral stiffness members, which is the general condition of slums and focuses on the external columns only that are the most exposed to the seismic load. Also, this method considers only the resulting seismic vertical reactions. The validity of the proposed method was tested experimentally and analytically, while its accuracy was verified through a field study by comparing the results of its application on two buildings in Sharika, Egypt. Numerical models for these buildings were built to determine their resistance under seismic loads. The study concluded how to predict the risks affecting such buildings using a simple process. This could be used to establish controls to replanning the buildings of existing slum cities to ensure the safety or at least reduce the risk of collapses against moderate earthquakes.

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“…Inaccurate evaluation results are also obtained when a global or national empirical model is used in a certain region. By comparison, building vulnerability-based approach is another extensively used method to assess people losses because 75% of deaths come from building damages [10]. In this approach, buildings and building damages are generally classi ed into several types, and destructive probability matrices (DPM) are used to present the destructive probability of various buildings at di erent seismic intensities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Earthquake People Loss Evaluation Based on Seismic Multi-Level Hybrid Grid: A Case Study on Yushu Ms 7.1 Earthquake in China

et al. 2016

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People loss is one of the most important information that the government concerns after an earthquake, because it a ects appropriate rescue levels. However, existing evaluation methods often consider an entire stricken region as a whole assessment area but disregard the spatial disparity of in uencing factors. As a consequence, results are inaccurately evaluated. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes a post-earthquake evaluation approach of people loss based on the seismic multi-level hybrid grid (SMHG). In SMHG, the whole area is divided into grids at di erent levels with various sizes. In this manner, the e ciency of data management is improved. With SMHG, disaster statistics can be easily counted under both the administrative unit and per unit area. The proposed approach was then applied to investigate Yushu Ms7.1 earthquake in China. Results revealed that the number of deaths varied with di erent exposure grids. Among all the di erent grids, we found that using the 50×50 exposure grid can get the most satisfactory results, and the estimated number of deaths was 2,203, with an 18.3% deviation from the actual loss. People loss results obtained through the proposed approach were more accurate than those obtained through traditional GIS-based methods.

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Earthquake risk assessment of Alexandria, Egypt

Cited by 6 publications

References 17 publications

Finite element assessment FEA of polymer anti-seismic piling techniques for protection of the underground culture heritage

Finite element assessment FEA of polymer anti-seismic piling techniques for protection of the underground culture heritage

Guidelines to estimate Earthquake Loads on Buildings in Slum Areas

Post-Earthquake People Loss Evaluation Based on Seismic Multi-Level Hybrid Grid: A Case Study on Yushu Ms 7.1 Earthquake in China

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