East Asian Trade Cooperation versus US and EU Protectionist Trends and their Association to Chinese Steel Exports

Abstract

The Asia-Pacific region has recently witnessed unprecedented trade cooperation, prompted especially by China. Successfully negotiated Chinese bilateral and regional Free Trade Agreements are now common, leading to greater rates of economic success for all involved parties, particularly Chinese exporters. FTA's are not limited to this region, though. The success of the Chinese pursuit of new FTA's has inspired economic rivals to pursue their own new FTA's. Many of these are developed countries which have a history of filing anti-dumping grievances with the World Trade Organization, many of which have been directed at China. This has led to heightened international trade tensions between China and non-Chinese FTA partners. For example, the US Trans-Pacific Partnership, a proposed FTA between the US and East Asian countries, intentionally did not include China. Many attribute the exclusion of China to the influence of US labor groups that have spearheaded anti-dumping grievances along with similar groups in other developed countries in an attempt to thwart China's efforts to increase their exports to these regions. The past few years have seen sharp increases in Chinese steel exports in particular, leading to heightened protectionist practices within the US and the EU. This study will assess the merits of these anxieties by analyzing the direction of Chinese steel to determine if Chinese steel is flowing more to their FTA partners or to developed countries without FTA's in place.

Economic Impact of Artificial Intelligence: New Look for the Macroeconomic Assessment in Asia-Pacific Region

“…With most of the Asian countries relying heavily on manufacturing, studies have suggested that an implementation of automated supply chain optimization is likely to prove beneficial to their economic performance, especially due to the perceived capacity of the optimization to generate faster outputs, with the latter exhibiting a direct correlation with economic performance [19][20][21][22]. Apart from the economic motivation, a few studies have also focused on the immense potential of AI in alleviating some of the challenges Pdf_Folio:1296 linked with human development in Asia.…”

Analysis of Abnormal Operating Performance Between Family Owned Firms and State Owned Firms in Indonesia and Malaysia

“…However, nearly all documented evidences are obtained in the developed countries, leaving little evidence on the relationship between ownership concentration and firm performance in the developing countries particularly in the less developed South East Asian countries. Since many economies in the less developed South East Asian countries are characterized by considerable family owned firms and state ownership firms (Claessens, Djankov & Lang, 2000;Duru & Chibo, 2014;Purnama, 2014;Nazal, 2017;Tanoos, 2017;Taqi., Ajmal & Ansari, 2018;Chowdhury., Habibullah & Nahar, 2018), it would be interesting to examine the link between ownership concentration and firm performance in the South East Asian countries such as Indonesia and Malaysia. In addition, this study provides evidence on whether the findings on the link between ownership concentration and firm performance for developing countries would be similar to the findings in the developed countries despite the fact that the institutional conditions in the developing countries, particularly those with respect to markets and organisations, are significantly different from those in the developed countries (Nze., Ogwude., Nnadi, & Ibe, 2016;Kimengsi & Gwan, 2017;Cheng., Phung., Hsiao., Shen & Chen, 2018 ;CHE & Sundjo, 2018).…”