Easy methods for extracting individual regression slopes: Comparing SPSS, R, and Excel

Pfister, Roland; Schwarz, Katharina A.; Carson, R. B.; Jancyzk, Markus

doi:10.20982/tqmp.09.2.p072

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Regression coefficient analysis (RCA) was used to probe relations between trait boredom and shifts in frontal activity as boredom ensued, which involves analysis of slopes and intercepts estimated for repeated measures for each person. RCA has been used widely (for discussion, see Pfister, Schwarz, Carson, & Jancyzk, ) but has not previously been applied to FEA. We estimated change in frontal activity over the course of peg turning by regressing asymmetry scores during each block onto Blocks 1–4 to obtain a FEA slope for each person.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over and over again: Changes in frontal EEG asymmetry across a boring task

2019

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Boredom is an aversive emotional state. People high in trait boredom are less able to effectively cope with and resolve boredom than people low in trait boredom. Trait boredom is characterized by proneness and susceptibility, which are associated with avoidance and approach behavioral dispositions, respectively. Baseline frontal EEG asymmetry (FEA) has been treated as a trait level neural correlate of approach and avoidance motivational styles. Online processes by which people effectively cope with and resolve state boredom may involve an approach motivation to create stimulation. Evidence indicates that FEA reflects an active approach or avoidance motivation. This study tested the prediction that proneness and susceptibility would be related to relative less and greater left frontal activity during baseline, respectively, and lower levels of trait boredom would be associated with a leftward shift frontal activity as situationally induced boredom ensued. Young adults (N = 54) completed trait boredom scales, baseline EEG, and a boring task. Results showed that people low in trait boredom exhibited a leftward shift in frontal activity over the course of the boring task. No relations between trait boredom and baseline FEA were observed. The results are consistent with the possibility that approach motivation is involved in coping with and resolving boredom. FEA has been characterized at trait and state levels. Our results provide a new view of FEA as a signature of dynamic online emotion regulatory processes. The implications from linking boredom and FEA for understanding the mechanisms of boredom resolution and meaning of FEA are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over and over again: Changes in frontal EEG asymmetry across a boring task

2019

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“…To address this question, we first obtained slope and intercept parameter estimates for each participant using a regression-based approach (see Pfister, Schwarz, Carson, & Jancyzk, 2013). The slope estimate represents the rate of change over the course of the interaction in pleasantness or anxiety.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The affective tie that binds: Examining the contribution of positive emotions and anxiety to relationship formation in social anxiety disorder

Taylor

Pearlstein

Stein

2017

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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Individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) have difficulty forming social relationships. The prevailing clinical perspective is that negative emotions such as anxiety inhibit one’s capacity to develop satisfying social connections. However, empirical findings from social psychology and affective neuroscience suggest that positive emotional experiences are fundamental to establishing new social bonds. To reconcile these perspectives, we collected repeated measurements of anxiety, positive emotions (pleasantness), and connectedness over the course of a controlled relationship formation encounter in 56 participants diagnosed with SAD (64% female; Mage = 23.3, SD = 4.7). Participants experienced both increases in positive emotions and decreases in anxiety throughout the interaction. Change in positive emotions was the most robust predictor of subsequent increases in connectedness, as well as a greater desire to engage one’s partner in future social activities, above and beyond reductions in anxiety (medium to large sized effects). Those findings suggest that anxiety-based models alone may not fully explain difficulties in relationship formation in SAD, and underscore the potential value of considering positive emotional experiences in conceptual and treatment models of SAD.

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“…Temporal summation group assignment for categorical analyses was determined based on regression coefficients estimated individually for each participant’s pain ratings according to procedures described by Pfister and colleagues [26]. Participants with positive and significant regression slopes were assigned to the TSSP group; those with negative and significant regression slopes were assigned to the temporal decrease in second pain group; those with non-significant regression slopes were assigned to the no TSSP group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%