Eating and inflicting pain out of boredom

Havermans, Remco C.; Vancleef, Linda M.G.; Kalamatianos, Antonis; Nederkoorn, Chantal

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2014.11.007

Cited by 108 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…50 calories) less than those in the control condition. The results were consistent with previous literature exploring mindfulness and eating behaviour, especially in regard to mindless eating (Chapman et al 2014;Daubenmier et al 2011;Havermans et al 2015;Katterman et al 2014;Mathur and Stevenson 2015).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A Randomised Experiment Evaluating the Mindful Raisin Practice as a Method of Reducing Chocolate Consumption During and After a Mindless Activity

2019

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The present study investigated the impact of the mindful raisin exercise on overeating during and after the experiment while controlling for wellbeing. One-hundred and twenty-eight participants were recruited and completed a questionnaire on wellbeing (i.e. depression, anxiety and stress) and state mindfulness. Participants were randomly allocated to either the mindful raisin exercise or a newspaper reading control condition. The State Mindfulness Scale was then completed again, and participants watched a neutral video while exposed to chocolate for 10 min. For those 10 min, results showed that the mindfulness condition translated into lower food consumption during the mindless activity when compared to the control condition. Post experiment, participants were asked to wait for 5 min, and any extra chocolate consumption during this time was recorded. Post-consumption was non-significantly different between the two groups, with those in the mindfulness condition consuming 1.3 g less than those in the control group. Controlling for wellbeing did not alter the impact of the mindfulness intervention on consumption. Implications for future work and practical applications for weight regulation are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A Randomised Experiment Evaluating the Mindful Raisin Practice as a Method of Reducing Chocolate Consumption During and After a Mindless Activity

2019

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“…According to this framework, rather than solely an animal's housing conditions, it is the experiential factors in the drug setting, such as those related to high boredom susceptibility in humans or novelty preference in rats (12,58,59), that influence the vulnerability subsequently to compulsively take drugs. We therefore extended the study to causally test the hypothesis that the acquisition of alcohol drinking as a coping, stress-reducing, strategy is sufficient to exacerbate the vulnerability to switch to compulsive alcohol intake in rats living under similar housing conditions.…”

Section: Environmental Enrichment Promotes the Development Of Cocainementioning

confidence: 99%

Environment-dependent behavioral traits and experiential factors shape addiction vulnerability

Fouyssac

Puaud

Ducret

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Boredom is a highly aversive state; when given the choice, people will choose even very negative stimuli (e.g., electric shock) over being bored (Bench & Lench, 2017;Havermans et al, 2015;Nederkoorn, Vancleef, Wilkenhöner, Claes, & Havermans, 2016;Wilson et al, 2014). In one study, for example, when participants watched an 85-s clip of a tennis game on repeat for an hour, they shocked themselves an average of 22 times (93% shocked themselves at least once; Havermans et al, 2015). One of the primary desires of a bored person, then, is to stop feeling bored.…”

Section: Alleviating Boredommentioning

confidence: 99%

Boring Thoughts and Bored Minds: The MAC Model of Boredom and Cognitive Engagement

Westgate¹

2017

Preprint

141

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What is boredom? We review environmental, attentional, and functional theories and present a new model that describes boredom as an affective indicator of unsuccessful attentional engagement in valued goal-congruent activity. According to the Meaning and Attentional Components (MAC) model, boredom is the result of (a) an attentional component, namely mismatches between cognitive demands and available mental resources, and (b) a meaning component, namely mismatches between activities and valued goals (or the absence of valued goals altogether). We present empirical support for four novel predictions made by the model:(1) Deficits in attention and meaning each produce boredom independently of the other; (2) there are different profiles of boredom that result from specific deficits in attention and meaning; (3) boredom results from two types of attentional deficits, understimulation and overstimulation; and(4) the model explains not only when and why people become bored with external activities, but also when and why people become bored with their own thoughts. We discuss further implications of the model, such as when boredom motivates people to seek interesting versus enjoyable activities.

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Eating and inflicting pain out of boredom

Cited by 108 publications

References 24 publications

A Randomised Experiment Evaluating the Mindful Raisin Practice as a Method of Reducing Chocolate Consumption During and After a Mindless Activity

A Randomised Experiment Evaluating the Mindful Raisin Practice as a Method of Reducing Chocolate Consumption During and After a Mindless Activity

Environment-dependent behavioral traits and experiential factors shape addiction vulnerability

Boring Thoughts and Bored Minds: The MAC Model of Boredom and Cognitive Engagement

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