Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan

Cangiano, C.; Ceci, Fabrizio; Cascino, A.; Ben, Maria Del; Laviano, Alessandro; Muscaritoli, Maurizio; Antonucci, Francesco; Rossi-Fanelli, Filippo

doi:10.1093/ajcn/56.5.863

Cited by 81 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The cerebral influence of 5‐HTP intake to food stimuli seems to share similarities with studies that examined brain activity in altered states of hunger (Santel et al., 2006; Small et al., 2001) and in individuals with a clinical weight profile (Cangiano et al., 1992, 1998; Ceci et al., 1989; Cornier et al., 2009; Davids et al., 2009; Santel et al., 2006). The results obtained in the 5‐HTP group are consistent with observations made by Davids et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A vitamin C capsule (125 mg) was used for the control condition. Vitamin C was thought to be a reasonable placebo particularly for this study due to the fact that it has not been suggested to mediate food selection (Cangiano et al., 1992, 1998; Morris et al., 1987). Conventional placebo pills that have been used in other pharmacological research were sugar pills (dextrose), over the counter analgesics as well as vitamins (Tilburt, Emanuel, Kaptchuk, Curlin, & Miller, 2008).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The day before the study, participants were asked to fast overnight (excluding dietary supplements/medication) and abstain from alcohol for at least 24 hr. The supplements were taken on an empty stomach 30–45 min prior to scanning in order to ensure digestion (Cangiano et al., 1992, 1998). Prior to scanning, participants were asked to imagine their favorite food for 2 min and focus on texture, smell, and taste (Pelchat et al., 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are occasions where craving for food is not elicited in response to physiological needs. In such occasions, the desire to eat can lead to obesity, eating disorders, and noncompliance with dietary restrictions (Berthoud & Morrison, 2008; Cangiano et al., 1992; Levin & Routh, 1996; Ouwehand & Papies, 2010). Although researchers find it extremely difficult to illustrate a relation between nutritional needs and food cravings, other studies in the “food arena” exploring the relationship between the neurotransmitter serotonin (5‐HT) and macronutrient selection have been more fruitful (Fadda, 2000; Weingarten & Elston, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They observed that obese females, when administered with 5‐HTP (8 mg kg −1 day −1 ) for a period of 35 days, not only lose weight and decrease their food intake but they also show anorexia‐related symptoms (e.g., early satiety). Furthermore, normalizing depressed brain TRP levels with additional supplementation can lead to weight loss in obese patients (Cangiano et al., 1992, 1998). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Ioannou

Williams

2016

Brain and Behavior

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ObjectiveThis functional magnetic resonance imaging study was designed to observe how physiological brain states can alter food preferences. A primary goal was to observe food‐sensitive regions and moreover examine whether 5‐HTP intake would activate areas which have been associated with appetite suppression, anorexia, satiety, and weight loss.Methods and ProcedureFourteen healthy male and female participants took part in the study, of which half of them received the supplement 5‐HTP and the rest vitamin C (control) on an empty stomach. During the scanning session, they passively observed food (high calories, proteins, carbohydrates) and nonfood movie stimuli.ResultsWithin the 5‐HTP group, a comparison of food and nonfood stimuli showed significant responses that included the limbic system, the basal ganglia, and the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices. For the vitamin C group, activity was mainly located in temporal and occipital regions. Compared to the vitamin C group, the 5‐HTP group in response to food showed increased activation on the VMPFC, the DLPFC, limbic, and temporal regions. For the 5‐HTP group, activity in response to food high in protein content compared to food high in calories and carbohydrates was located in the limbic system and the right caudomedial OFC, whereas for the vitamin C group, activity was mainly located at the inferior parietal lobes, the anterior cingulate gyri, and the left ventrolateral OFC. Greater responses to carbohydrates and high calorie stimuli in the vitamin C group were located at the right temporal gyrus, the occipital gyrus, the right VLPFC, whereas for the 5‐HTP group, activity was observed at the left VMPFC, the parahippocampal gyrus bilaterally, the occipital lobe, and middle temporal gyri.DiscussionIn line with the hypotheses, 5‐HTP triggered cortical responses associated with healthy body weight as well as cerebral preferences for protein‐rich stimuli. The brain's activity is altered by macronutrients rich or deprived in the body. By reading the organisms physiological states and combining them with memory experiences, it constructs behavioral strategies steering an individual toward or in opposition to a particular food.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Ioannou

Williams

2016

Brain and Behavior

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Efficacy and Safety of Low-Carbohydrate Diets

Bravata¹,

Sanders²,

Huang³

et al. 2003

JAMA

492

265

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ETWEEN 1960 AND 2000 THE prevalence of obesity among adults aged 20 years to 74 years in the United States increased from 13.4% to 30.9%. [1][2][3] An estimated 325000 deaths and between 4.3% and 5.7% of direct health care costs (approximately $39-$52 billion) are attributed to obesity annually. 1,2 Results from the 1998 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey indicate that roughly one third of US adults were trying to lose weight at that time, and another third were trying to maintain weight. 4 Recently, lowcarbohydrate diets have resurged in popularity as a means of rapid weight loss, yet their long-term efficacy and safety remain poorly understood.The first low-carbohydrate diet to have enjoyed popular success was that described by William Banting in the 1860s. 5 Banting claimed that he was never hungry and at the age of 66, in a period of a year, lost 46 of his initial 202 pounds. He wrote, "The great charms and comfort of the system are that its effects are palpable within a week of trial and creates a natural stimulus to persevere for a few weeks more." 5 While it is difficult to estimate the number of people who have followed low-carbohydrate diets, the number and popularity of articles and books from the lay press advocating their use attest to a high level of interest in and de-mand for these diets by the US public. The most popular text, written by cardiologist and long-time proponent Context Low-carbohydrate diets have been popularized without detailed evidence of their efficacy or safety. The literature has no clear consensus as to what amount of carbohydrates per day constitutes a low-carbohydrate diet. Objective To evaluate changes in weight, serum lipids, fasting serum glucose, and fasting serum insulin levels, and blood pressure among adults using low-carbohydrate diets in the outpatient setting. Data Sources We performed MEDLINE and bibliographic searches for Englishlanguage studies published between January 1, 1966, and February 15, 2003, with key words such as low carbohydrate, ketogenic, and diet. Study Selection We included articles describing adult, outpatient recipients of lowcarbohydrate diets of 4 days or more in duration and 500 kcal/d or more, and which reported both carbohydrate content and total calories consumed. Literature searches identified 2609 potentially relevant articles of low-carbohydrate diets. We included 107 articles describing 94 dietary interventions reporting data for 3268 participants; 663 participants received diets of 60 g/d or less of carbohydrates-of whom only 71 received 20 g/d or less of carbohydrates. Study variables (eg, number of participants, design of dietary evaluation), participant variables ( eg, age, sex, baseline weight, fasting serum glucose level), diet variables (eg, carbohydrate content, caloric content, duration) were abstracted from each study. Data ExtractionTwo authors independently reviewed articles meeting inclusion criteria and abstracted data onto pretested abstraction forms. Data SynthesisThe included studies were highly heterogeneous w...

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Interventions to enhance adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults

Desroches

Lapointe

Ratté

et al. 2013

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

125

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Background-It has been recognized that poor adherence can be a serious risk to the health and wellbeing of patients, and greater adherence to dietary advice is a critical component in preventing and managing chronic diseases. Objectives-To assess the effects of interventions for enhancing adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults. Search methods-We searched the following electronic databases up to 29 September 2010: The Cochrane Library (issue 9 2010), PubMed, EMBASE (Embase.com), CINAHL (Ebsco) and PsycINFO (PsycNET) with no language restrictions. We also reviewed: a) recent years of relevant conferences, symposium and colloquium proceedings and abstracts; b) web-based registries of clinical trials; and c) the bibliographies of included studies. Selection criteria-We included randomized controlled trials that evaluated interventions enhancing adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults.

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Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan

Cited by 81 publications

References 18 publications

Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Preliminary fMRI findings concerning the influence of 5‐HTP on food selection

Efficacy and Safety of Low-Carbohydrate Diets

Interventions to enhance adherence to dietary advice for preventing and managing chronic diseases in adults

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