Eating behaviour of Indonesian adolescents: a systematic review of the literature

Abstract

Objectives: Global evidence has shown that behaviour acquired during adolescence often lasts into adulthood. Diet quality of and malnutrition in Indonesian adolescents is a neglected area of research. The current study reviews all studies related to eating behaviour in Indonesian adolescents to support evidence-based policy to improve diets. Design: We searched electronic databases (six international and one local), from January 2000 to April 2018. The search terms used were (1) prevalence (prevalence OR number* OR case*, incidence OR survey), (2) adolescents (adolescen* OR school-age OR young adult), (3) Indonesia (Indonesia*) and (4) eating pattern (eat* OR fruit OR vegetable OR food recall OR food OR frequenc* OR consumption OR dietary intake). Articles were assessed against a critical appraisal tool. Setting: Indonesia. Participants: 10–19 years. Results: We discovered 15 studies related to eating behaviour, 5 of which were secondary analyses of nationally representative surveys and one was a nationwide survey. Of the nine studies, one study was conducted in multiple cities, and the rest were conducted in a single city or smaller area. There were seven main topics from the included studies: nutrient adequacy, fruit and vegetable consumption, water and beverage intake, Na intake, breakfast habit, snacking frequency and western fast food consumption. Conclusions: Adolescents consume inadequate amounts of protein, fruits and vegetables, and excessive amounts of Na and western fast food. Measures are needed to improve and motivate adolescents to adopt healthier eating patterns. Furthermore, there is a need to have one standard definition and measurement of eating behaviour in Indonesia.

Infarct Stroke and Blood Glucose Associated with Food Consumption in Indonesia

“…In this case, children at the age group of 3-9 years old have the highest percentage (above 50%) of consuming sweet foods once a day. Furthermore, about 98.4% of Indonesian teenagers at the age of 13-18 years old consumed nutritious foods including fruits and vegetables insufficiently (<400 g/day) [41]. The prevalence of overweight in Indonesia is the highest among adults by 8% of men and 29% of women suffering from central obesity [42].…”

Relationships of Child-, Parents-, and Environment-Associated Determinants with Diet Quality, Physical Activity, and Smoking Habits Among Indonesian Urban Adolescents

“…The DQI-A assessment was based on food-based dietary guidelines for adolescents, which put forward 3 basic principles for a healthy and balanced diet comprised of dietary quality, dietary diversity, and dietary equilibrium. 24 The DQI-A scoring utilized 9 recommended food groups consisting of (1) water; (2) bread and cereals; (3) grains and potatoes; (4) vegetables; (5) fruit; (6) milk products (7); cheese; (8) meat, fish, eggs, and substitutes; and (9) fat and oils.…”

“…4 The trend is projected to continue as Indonesian adolescents tend to have a high consumption of unhealthy foods (ie, western-style fast foods and convenience foods with excessive amounts of sodium). 7 In addition to poor diet quality, smoking habits also contribute to adolescents' poor quality of life, as 19.4% of Indonesian teenagers are active tobacco smokers. 8 This is of added concern considering the rise in smoking among the general population in Indonesia compared to other Southeast Asia countries.…”

Students’ interests and learning venues as enablers for school-based nutrition education among adolescents in Jakarta

“…Several Indonesian studies identified similar motives behind the adolescent's risky dietary behaviors. The individual factors including personal preferences, convenience and food price, together with environmental factors (mother's role, peer influence, food availability, school rules and socioeconomic status) were the reasons for their eating behavior (Rachmi et al, 2020;Sondari et al, 2019).…”

“…However, a recent study in Indonesia found that male adolescents more likely choose healthy food compared to women (Maulida et al, 2016). Despite the level of nutrition knowledge and awareness were quite good, adolescents were still lacking in self-efficacy (Rachmi et al, 2020). School as a medium to introduce healthier behaviors fails to fill in, particularly their absence on providing nutrition education (Savage et al, 2017) and nutritious food at school canteen (Ardzejewska et al, 2012;Mensink et al, 2012;Octaria et al, 2020).…”