Eating Centipedes Can Result in Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection: Two Case Reports and Pathogen Investigation

Wang, Huijie; Lu, Lingli; She, Dan; Wen, Zhibo; Mo, Zexun; Li, Jun; Li, Hua

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.18-0151

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The lack of specificity of A. costaricensis infection in mollusk hosts highlights the importance of investigating other mollusks and non-mollusk species that may act as intermediate or paratenic hosts. Importantly, A. cantonensis L3 larvae have been found in potential paratenic hosts such as centipedes from China and [ 84 ] monitor lizards Varanus bengalensis from Thailand [ 85 ] and are associated with eosinophilic meningitis in humans. Further research is needed on the potential paratenic hosts of A. costaricensis and their role in L3 larvae transmission to humans and in the development of AA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal angiostrongyliasis in the Americas: fifty years since the discovery of a new metastrongylid species, Angiostrongylus costaricensis

et al. 2021

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Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a zoonotic parasitic nematode described for the first time in 1971 by Pedro Morera and Rodolfo Céspedes in Costa Rica. This parasite causes an infection known as abdominal angiostrongyliasis, affecting mainly school-aged children and young adults. Infection with A. costaricensis has been associated with a myriad of rodent and mollusk species in the Americas and the Caribbean, as its natural hosts and reservoirs. In this commemorative review, we highlight the extensive research collected through a 50-year journey, which includes ecological, pathological, and molecular studies on A. costaricensis and its implicated disease. We also identify major knowledge gaps in its evolutionary history, the ecological role of imported and invasive mollusk species, and immune response. We propose that the advent of -omics analyses will allow us to gather novel information regarding A. costaricensis biology and infection dynamics, as well as to promote the design of much-needed sensitive and specific diagnostic tools.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abdominal angiostrongyliasis in the Americas: fifty years since the discovery of a new metastrongylid species, Angiostrongylus costaricensis

et al. 2021

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“…Tadpoles of Xenopus laevis (Daudin) (clawed frog) can act as intermediate hosts experimentally (Oku et al ., 1980) and tadpoles of Rana chensinensis David (Asiatic grass frog) may also be able to do so (Oku et al ., 1979). In addition to these intermediate hosts, various amphibians, lizards, crustaceans, planarians and centipedes can act as paratenic hosts (Ash, 1968; Asato et al ., 2004; Cowie, 2013b; Barratt et al ., 2016; Wang et al ., 2018). Known range .…”

Section: Explanatory Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annotated catalogue of species of Angiostrongylus and the related genera Gallegostrongylus, Rodentocaulus and Stefanskostrongylus (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea, Angiostrongylidae)

Cowie

2019

J. Helminthol.

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This catalogue is concerned with the closely related angiostrongylid generaAngiostrongylus,Gallegostrongylus,RodentocaulusandStefanskostrongylus. Three species,Angiostrongylus cantonensis,A. costaricensisandA. vasorum, have attracted most attention because of their importance in human and domestic animal disease. Many of the remaining species are poorly known and the number of valid taxa is unclear. The catalogue lists all nomenclaturally available and unavailable genus-group and species-group names that have been applied to the above genera and the species included in them, indicating their current nomenclatural status and providing the rigorous nomenclatural basis for future work. The catalogue lists 14 published and nomenclaturally available genus-group names, with the above four treated as valid, the other ten being junior synonyms. There are 42 published species-group names: 36 are valid, two are junior synonyms, four are nomenclaturally unavailable. One additional species, described inChabaudistrongylus(synonym ofAngiostrongylus), is listed asincertae sedisin Angiostrongylidae. Also listed are two unpublished collection names. The catalogue provides bibliographic details for all published names, and for available names provides locations of type material, details of type localities, geographic distributions and details of type and other hosts, both definitive and intermediate, to the extent known. The catalogue is a work of nomenclature, not a revisionary taxonomic work. No new names or new combinations are proposed. The apparently new family-group synonymy of Cardionematinae with Angiostrongylidae is introduced, as are four genus-group synonymies, three withAngiostrongylusand one withStefaskostrongylus.

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“…The third stage larva (L3) is harbored in the intermediate host, and it is this larval stage that is infective to rats and accidental hosts, including humans, as the L3 larvae can safely pass through the acidic environment of the mammalian gut. There are also paratenic hosts that can carry the infective stage larvae; these include shrimp, prawns, crabs, frogs, water monitor lizards, centipedes, and some planarians [7, 9, 10, 11, 12]. Of planarians, the predacious Platydemous manokwari , the New Guinea flatworm, has been determined to be an important carrier of A .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water transmission potential of Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Larval viability and effectiveness of rainwater catchment sediment filters

et al. 2019

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Neuroangiostrongyliasis, caused by Angiostrongylus cantonensis , has been reported in Hawaiʻi since the 1950's. An increase in cases is being reported primarily from East Hawaiʻi Island, correlated with the introduction of the semi-slug Parmarion martensi . Households in areas lacking infrastructure for water must use rainwater catchment as their primary domestic water supply, for which there is no federal, state, or county regulation. Despite evidence that slugs and snails can contaminate water and cause infection, regulatory bodies have not addressed this potential transmission route. This study evaluates: 1) the emergence of live, infective-stage A . cantonensis larvae from drowned, non-native, pestiforous gastropods; 2) larvae location in an undisturbed water column; 3) longevity of free-living larvae in water; and 4) effectiveness of rainwater catchment filters in blocking infective-stage larvae. Larvae were shed from minced and whole gastropods drowned in either municipal water or rainwater with ~94% of larvae recovered from the bottom of the water column 72–96 hours post drowning. Infective-stage larvae were active for 21 days in municipal water. Histological sectioning of P . martensi showed proximity of nematode larvae to the body wall of the gastropod, consistent with the potential for shedding of larvae in slime. Gastropod tissue squashes showed effectivity as a quick screening method. Live, infective-stage larvae were able to traverse rainwater catchment polypropylene sediment filters of 20 μm, 10 μm, 5 μm, and 1 μm filtration ratings, but not a 5 μm carbon block filter. These results demonstrate that live, infective-stage A . cantonensis larvae emerge from drowned snails and slugs, survive for extended periods of time in water, and may be able to enter a catchment user's household water supply. This study illustrates the need to better investigate and understand the potential role of contaminated water as a transmission route for neuroangiostrongyliasis.

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Eating Centipedes Can Result in Angiostrongylus cantonensis Infection: Two Case Reports and Pathogen Investigation

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Abdominal angiostrongyliasis in the Americas: fifty years since the discovery of a new metastrongylid species, Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Abdominal angiostrongyliasis in the Americas: fifty years since the discovery of a new metastrongylid species, Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Annotated catalogue of species of Angiostrongylus and the related genera Gallegostrongylus, Rodentocaulus and Stefanskostrongylus (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea, Angiostrongylidae)

Water transmission potential of Angiostrongylus cantonensis: Larval viability and effectiveness of rainwater catchment sediment filters

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